Tafsiran yang Mengutip untuk Amsal 10:31

פי צדיק ינוב חכמה ולשון תהפוכות תכרת, “The mouth of the righteous produces wisdom; but the tongue of the perverted shall be cut off.” (Proverbs 10,31)

יהיה נביאך [AARON] SHALL BE THY PROPHET — This must be understood as the Targum takes it: thy interpreter. Similarly, wherever this term of נבואה is mentioned it refers to a man who publicly proclaims and utters to the people words of reproof. It is of the same derivation as, (Isaiah 57:19) “utterance (ניב) of the lips”; (Proverbs 10:31) “it utters (ינוב) wisdom”; (I Samuel 10:13) “he made an end of proclaiming (התנבות)”, which is in the book of Samuel. In old French we call him predicar; English preacher.

King Solomon, of blessed memory, said: “the mouth of the righteous produces wisdom, but the treacherous tongue shall be cut off” [Proverbs, 10:31]. This means, the righteous person only speaks wisdom and piety. The evildoer only speaks falsehood and the opposite of the righteous one. The righteous person is compared to a tree that grows and produces leaves that protect the fruit, and also causes the fruit to grow. If the leaves were not there, then the fruit might be burned by the heat. So too is a righteous person. He speaks ordinary words when he needs to reprove his household and teaches them to engage in business. This is all necessary. Afterwards, he again speaks with his tongue the Torah and commandments. Just as with a tree where the fruit is primary, one must still have the leaves. They make the fruit grow properly. So too are the words of the righteous that he talks about merchandise and about discipline. He needs these for the Torah, since when there is no merchandise there is no Torah. Just as the leaf falls away, so too the words about merchandise are lost, but one at least has some pleasure from the fruit. So too are the words of Torah that the righteous person speaks. They are useful in this world and in the next world. However, the evildoer is the complete opposite of the righteous person. All of his attributes are the opposite of the righteous person who follows his soul in everything. However, the evildoer follows his body, which disappears and is lost. It is known that the body was created from the earth and the soul is from heaven. Therefore, while the person lives, he has a part from the earth and from heaven. Just as heaven and earth become related to the person, his soul is in heaven and his body is in the earth. Therefore, Moses warned Israel that they should study Torah and presents heaven and earth as witnesses, just like one warns someone before his relatives. Therefore, the portion says here:¹Bahya, Ha’azinu, Introduction.

ותרצני AND THOU WAST PLEASED WITH ME — You are reconciled with me. Wherever the term רצה (the verb, or the noun רצון) occurs in Scripture it means “propitiating”; old French appaisement; English appeasing. An example is, (Leviticus 22:20) “It shall not be (לרצון) acceptable as a propitiatory sacrifice to you”, for the purpose of the sacrifices is to conciliate and to propitiate. Similarly (Proverbs 10:31) "The lips of the righteous know רצון — they understand to conciliate and propitiate.