Tafsiran yang Mengutip untuk Imamat 24:12

וימצאו איש מקושש עצים, “they found a man collecting kindling.” According to Rashi, this line is written as a critique of the Israelites, seeing that at least one of them did not even observe the second Sabbath already. [Actually, some Israelites who went out of the camp with containers to collect manna on the first Sabbath also violated the Sabbath legislation, although this was before the Torah had been given. Ed.] From Rashi’s comment we must assume that this incident occurred already during the first year of the Israelites’ wanderings. On the other hand, the incident of the blasphemer recorded in Leviticus chapter 24, took place in the second year, as in the first year the Israelites had not yet arranged their tribal positions around the Tabernacle according to their tribal flags. And some commentators suggest that even though the incident of the blasphemer also occurred in the first year, nevertheless he was guilty as explained in Lev.24.12-16.

How to execute him. The Torah writes “since it was not specified what was to be done to him” which implies that they knew he was liable to the death penalty, as it is written “One who desecrates it shall surely die” (Shemos 31:14), nonetheless it had not been specified by which death penalty. However regarding the person who cursed [Hashem] in Parshas Emor (Vayikra 24:12) it says “to explain for them” which implies that they did not know whether he was liable for death or not. You might ask: The standard death penalty in the Torah is strangulation, as Rashi explains in Parshas Emor. Why is this not the same [penalty] regarding Shabbos, where the Torah also mentions the death penalty without clarification, when it writes “one who desecrates it shall surely die”? The answer is that they were uncertain, given that one who desecrates Shabbos is compared to one who engages in idolatry, and idolatry is punishable by stoning. (Kitzur Mizrachi) One cannot pose a difficulty according to Rabbi Yehudah who says that one is not liable for a punishment until one is warned which form of death penalty will be imposed. For the case of the wood gatherer was different, given that it was a one-time ruling. Maharan answers that they may have warned him by incorporating all four court imposed death penalties, thus allowing him to be killed using any of those forms.