Tafsiran yang Mengutip untuk Keluaran 2:23

MOSES, TENDING THE FLOCK ETC. The Holy One, blessed be He, appeared to him and commanded him to return to Egypt, and Moshe did not want to do so, because he was afraid until the Holy One, blessed be He, told him, "all the men who sought to kill you are dead" -- this is Par'oh, who had died. That is why it says (Exod. 2:23), "the king of Egypt died," to testify to what the Holy One, blessed be He, said, that "all the men ... are dead." This is similar to (Gen. 9:18) "Ham being the father of Canaan."

According to the Jerusalem Talmud, we drink four cups of wine on the eve of Passover for the four promises of redemption: "I will take you out;" "I will save you;" "I will redeem you;" I will take you to be my people." (Ex. 6:6-7) These four promises are related to the four ways in which Israel gained the merit to be redeemed:
a) Prayer, as it is stated in scripture: "The children of Israel groaned under the bondage and cried out, and their cry for help from the bondage rose up to God." (Ex. 2:23) In response to this, scripture states: "God took notice of them." (Exodus 2:24) God knew that the time had come to redeem them and to destroy the heavenly prince of Egypt. That is why God promised "I will take you out from the labors of Egypt."
b) The offering of the Pesach sacrifice: Through this offering the Israelites were freed from Egyptian idolatry, as Pharaoh said: "What have we done, releasing Israel from our service?" (Ex. 14:5) Yet the redemption was not complete since it was clear as they stood by the sea that they still feared the Egyptians. That is why God promised "I will deliver you from (idolatrous) service."³⁰Note that the Hebrew for this verse is "I will save you mei'avodatchem, from their bondage." The word avodah has multiple meanings - either bondage or service to either idolatry (avodah zarah) or to God (avodat hakodesh). Rabbi Ettlinger doesn’t include this verse here but implies that God saved Israel from serving the gods of Egypt.
c) They cried out to the Holy One at the sea. Midrash Shir HaShirim states: "Let me hear your voice." (Song 2:14) Israel cried out to God at the sea…when Israel cried out, God immediately saved them on that day by destroying Pharaoh and all of Egypt. That is why God promised "I will you redeem you with an outstretched arm."
d) Israel gave thanks and sang songs of praise. Because of their praise God made them His people, as it is stated: "In Your love, You led the people you redeemed; in Your strength You led them to Your holy abode." (Ex. 15:13) This is the song of thanksgiving and the purpose of the fourth cup.

It was this latter argument which G'd accepted; I have been troubled by the thought that a people who had witnessed so many miracles in Egypt, at the sea, and in the desert did not turn in prayer to the G'd who had performed all these miracles. After all, these people were aware of the efficacy of prayer having seen how G'd sent them their redeemer immediately after they had appealed to G'd in Exodus 2,23. G'd had told Moses specifically that He sent him in response to the people's groaning. Perhaps the people thought that as long as G'd was in their midst there was no need for prayer. What would have been the point of G'd bringing them into the desert if He did not intend to supply their needs? If G'd did not intend to supply their needs they would be lost anyways, so what good would prayer do? They concluded therefore that the only reason they had no water was because G'd was not in their midst.

He has no power. [The power] of any king [is not] discernable on the day of his death.¹³Alternatively, all the power of the ruler is thwarted on the day of his death, i.e., to save himself from death. Everywhere [in Scripture] you find [that Dovid is referred to as], “King Dovid,” but on the day of his death [it states], “And the days of Dovid drew near that he should die,”¹⁴I Melochim 2:1. and no kingship is mentioned here.¹⁵Though in Shemos 2:23 it states “the king of Egypt died,” that is speaking of a historic event that happened in the past, however, when Scripture speaks of the event as it is occurring, kingship is not mentioned. (Likutei Yehudah)