Tafsiran yang Mengutip untuk Mazmur 5:4

והיה נכון לבוקר ועלית בבוקר אל הר סיני, “Be prepared in the morning; ascend Mount Sinai in the morning.” The wording we would have expected should have been והיה נכון לבוקר ועלית אל הר סיני. Why did the Torah have to use the word בבוקר, “in the morning,” a second time? The Torah wanted to allude to the attribute בוקר, another synonym for the attribute of Mercy. This attribute is usually evident in the morning [as opposed to the attribute of Justice. Ed.] An example of the attribute of Mercy being in the ascendancy in the morning is found in Psalms 5,4 ה’ בוקר תשמע קולי בוקר אערך לך ואצפה, “Lord, hear my voice at daybreak; at daybreak I plead before you and wait.” David prayed for the attribute of Mercy which is the strength of the morning that He should listen to his plea.

And I am adding to his words to bring robust and good proofs on this matter. For initially it says And the fire of the altar shall be kept burning in it — there is no prohibition here but only a positive commandment. And in the second [verse], both a prohibition and a positive commandment are stated, as it says And the fire on the altar shall be kept burning in it, it shall not go out — shall be kept burning is a positive commandment, shall not go out is a negative commandment. And in the third [verse], a prohibition and a positive commandment are also stated, with the addition of the concept of permanence, as it says A perpetual fire shall be kept burning on the altar, it shall not go out. And all this was not written haphazardly, but with a great and wonderful purpose. This is because the evening prayer is optional and not obligatory, therefore no prohibition is mentioned regarding it, and even the positive commandment is not a complete commandment, as there is no direct command to the fire, since it says And the fire of the altar shall be kept burning in it. The morning prayer is obligatory and forbidden to neglect, therefore the prohibition of it shall not go out was added. And for the afternoon prayer, in addition to the prohibition of it shall not go out, it says perpetual fire, indicating the permanence that should not be neglected due to any business in the world, as concluded in tractate Berakhot (6b): Rabbi Chelbo said: A person should always be careful about the afternoon prayer, for Elijah was answered only in the afternoon prayer, etc. Rabbi Yochanan says: Also with the evening prayer, as it says Let my prayer be set forth as incense before You, the lifting up of my hands as the evening sacrifice (Psalms 141:2). Rabbi Nachman bar Yitzchak says: Also with the morning prayer, as it says O Lord, in the morning You shall hear my voice; in the morning I will direct my prayer to You and watch (Psalms 5:4). You can see that the terms “perpetual” and “always” indicate diligence and persistence in the afternoon prayer, therefore it says here perpetual fire, and there they said “a person should always be careful, etc.”

And Rav Nachman added that it also applies in the morning, meaning that even in the morning there is a makeup for the mincha prayer, even though two prayer times have passed and the day itself has passed, as it is written In the morning, hear my voice; in the morning I will arrange my prayer before You and I will watch expectantly (Psalms 5:4). But this is difficult: why do I need the word morning twice? For one cannot say that it refers to someone who forgot the evening prayer and prays twice in the morning, since the evening prayer is optional, and something that is optional does not require a makeup.
Furthermore, from the phrase I will arrange before You, it is clear that this second morning refers to the mincha prayer, about which it is said The sons of Aaron shall bring it before the Lord (Leviticus 6:7), which is not said about any of the other prayers. And before the Lord mentioned here corresponds to [before] You mentioned there, because this prayer [mincha] is closer to the Lord than all the others. From here, he learned to say that this verse speaks about someone who forgot mincha and did not pray it even in the evening, so they pray two prayers in the morning: the first one is the morning prayer, about which he said, Lord, in the morning hear my voice, and the second one is to make up for mincha, about which he said, in the morning I will arrange my prayer before You and I will watch expectantly — meaning that they were waiting until they first prayed the obligatory morning prayer.
And he said before You similar to before the Lord mentioned here, because the mincha prayer is especially close to the Lord, the attribute of mercy, since at night the attribute of judgment rules; therefore, the evening prayer is not so much a time of favor, and that is why it is optional. And the morning prayer is somewhat close to the night that has passed. But the afternoon mincha prayer is far from both these boundaries, as it says And Your judgment is like the afternoon (Psalms 37:6). Therefore, Scripture arranged them in this section according to their level of significance: evening, morning, afternoon.