Tafsiran yang Mengutip untuk Mazmur 85:11

According to this Midrash it appears that what Moses said about על שחל ופתן תדרוך, תרמוס כפיר ותנין, “you will tread on cubs and vipers; you will trample lions and asps,” (verse 13) refers to 4 distinct groups of demons which are the outgrowths of four specific human beings. I have already referred to this in my commentary on Genesis 4,22 that the sister of Tubal-Kayin was Naamah. This hymn would be recited throughout the ages in Jerusalem. It is mentioned in Tractate Shevuot folios 14 and 15 where we are told that it was not permitted to expand the boundaries (walls) or the holy precincts except with the consent of the king, prophet of the generation, and the High Priest. In addition the Sanhedrin of 71 members had to give its consent and the Urim Vetumim had to be consulted by the High Priest. Two thanksgiving offerings had to be offered to make the changes effective and the Levites had to play their instruments when these offerings were presented and to recite a hymn [psalm 30 and the hymn in which David gives thanks for having escaped the pursuit of his sons Avshalom. Apparently these hymns were obligatory. Ed.]
This is also the meaning of Exodus 25,8: “they shall make for Me a Sanctuary. When the Torah adds the apparently redundant words וכן תעשו, “and so you shall do,” at the end of this verse, the meaning is that whereas at the time the instructions were issued they applied to the construction of the Tabernacle, i.e. ועשו לי, the words וכן תעשו mean that the same rules are to be in effect when it would be time to construct the permanent Temple.
The song mentioned in the Mishnah in Shevuot is the one dealing with the damage inflicted by demons (Psalms 91). They would recite this in Jerusalem to ward off these negative and destructive forces just as Moses had recited it at the time he had supervised construction of the Tabernacle.
Tanchuma Nasso 25 has Rabbi Shimon query why we need to resort to the Book of Psalms to learn all this when we could learn it simply from our verses (the priestly blessings) where surely the words of that blessing address such dangers when the priests ask G’d to “bless and protect the recipients.” Surely, he reasons the word וישמרך means: “to protect you against all dangers!” Clearly, this blessing had to be effective on the day the Tabernacle was being erected! Rabbi Yehudah son of Rabbi Simon commented that on the day the Tabernacle was erected Moses entered and heard a beautiful voice. He decided to go closer to hear what G’d had to say. G’d then said to him: “Moses, welcome; I will speak to them and tell them that I harbor no resentment against them at all and that I am at peace with them, etc.” G’d quoted Psalms 85,11 to this effect. Up until the day of the Tabernacle being erected there had still been a tug of war between G’d and the people dating back to the golden calf episode. Concerning this interpretation, also Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish said there was no need to search the Book of Psalms for such insights as the priestly blessing in our passage already concluded with the promise of peace for the Jewish people, and that blessing had been bestowed on the people on that day.

A kabbalistic approach to the words: “Herewith I grant you My covenant peace.” G’d assured him of the attribute known as ברית which is identical with the concept of כנסת ישראל. This is a variation of the attribute of Justice. We find this attribute mentioned by our sages who stated that Avraham had a daughter (in explaining the words וה' ברך את אברהם בכל, “the Lord had blessed Avraham in all respects,” (Genesis 24,2) see Baba Batra 16). This is why in our verse the wording is והיתה לו ...ברית, meaning that the covenant with this attribute of Justice will be his. G’d assured Pinchas that the peace He promised would be an adjunct to this covenant. It is similar to Leviticus 26,6 where G’d promises that as a consequence of observance of His commandments ונתתי שלום בארץ, “I will grant peace in the land” [as opposed to peace merely between people. Maybe the author means that the very fact that man has to die, the body to return to earth, is symbolic of a constant state of war between the living and the dead. Ed.].
All of this implies that Pinchas deserved to be granted eternal life. This is the justification of the verse in Maleachi 25, we quoted earlier that “My covenant was with him, the life and the peace.” “Life” is an outgrowth of the attribute of Mercy. This is reflected in the Torah describing Pinchas as קנא לאלו-היו “he was jealous for the sake of his G’d (in the sense of the attribute of Justice). If I understand our author correctly, when Pinchas observed a joining together of bodies which represented opposing philosophies which had no business to be joined together he tried to restore the state of affairs in which matters which belong together are joined together. In the celestial regions צדק ושלום נשקו, “righteousness and peace kissed” (Psalms 85,11), i.e. the emanations of מלכות and the adjoining one ofיסוד are perceived as a natural fit. When they are close together the universe can continue to exist. In our terrestrial part of the universe the continued existence of this world is also dependent on matters that belong together being joined together, not matters or people who have no business to indulge in physical union. Basically, Pinchas tried to restore the world’s (Jewish) equilibrium by his deed. If he was granted “peace” as the reward for his deed this was precisely a case of the reward fitting the merit attained. “Peace”, after all, is joining together, creating harmony.

ויפגשהו בהר האלו-הים וישק לו, “he met him at the Mountain of G’d and he kissed him.” Tanchuma Shemot 27 comments on our verse that it is a perfect illustration of Song of Songs 8,1: “If only it could be as with a brother, as if you had nursed at my mother’s breast; then I could kiss you.” We also have a verse in Psalms 85,11: “love (kindness) and truth meet; justice and well-being kiss.” The word “kindness” is a metaphor describing Aaron of whom the Torah wrote (Deut. 33,8) “Your Tumim and Urim for your devout and loving man.” The word “truth” is a metaphor for Moses of whom G’d said (Numbers 12,6) “he is trusted in My entire house (because he is so truthful).” Moses is also described as the personification of צדק, righteousness, in Deut. 33,21 “he carried out G’d’s righteousness,” whereas Aaron personified שלום, peace, as we know from Malachi 2,6 “in peace (harmony) and equity he walked with Me.”