הָאִשָּׁ֖ה הַמְּנָאָ֑פֶת תַּ֣חַת אִישָׁ֔הּ תִּקַּ֖ח אֶת־זָרִֽים׃
Hai istri yang berzina, yang walaupun masih bersuami, menerima orang-orang asing!
Rashi
לא תנאף THOU SHALT NOT COMMIT ADULTERY — The term ניאוף, “adultery”, is technically only applicable to the case of a married woman, as it is said, (Leviticus 20:10) […the wife of his neighbour], the נואף and the נואפת shall surely be put to death”, and it further states, (Ezekiel 16:32) “The woman that comitteth adultery, that taketh strangers instead of her husband”.
Kli Yakar
“You shall have no other gods,” corresponding to “do not commit adultery.” As it is written regarding idolaters, The adulterous woman, etc. (Ezekiel 16:32) and many similar verses. And it seems reasonable to say that adultery also causes one to worship idols, as proven by the incident with Baal Peor in Shittim. And as it is written regarding intermarriage with the seven nations, For he will turn your son away from following Me (Deuteronomy 7:4), because there is nothing that leads to idolatry like the seduction of a foreign woman, who with her smooth talk will lead him away from God. This matter is well-known and famous, and famous things do not require proof.
Kli Yakar
And what seems closest to me to say about this. That the waters of Marah, and the waters of the sotah [suspected adulteress], and the matter of the [Golden] Calf, they are all one and the same, since our Sages have already said (Mekhilta Yitro, Ch. 8:13) that the Ten Commandments were five opposite five, and the commandment You shall have no other gods corresponds to You shall not commit adultery. For one who worships idols is as if he commits adultery against God, as it is said The adulterous wife, etc. (Ezekiel 16:32). And at Marah they were immersed in idolatry, as is found in the Mekhilta (Beshalach [Vayisa] 1:22) and brought in the Yalkut on Parshat Beshalach (15:254) on the verse And Moses led Israel. For they said there: “Let us make an idol for ourselves and it will lead us,” and lest you think they said this but did not do it, Scripture teaches And they refused to listen, etc. (Nehemiah 9:17), see there.
And according to this Midrash, they were like an adulterous woman for whom sweet waters become bitter in her mouth. So too here, the waters became bitter in their mouths, and the Lord showed him a tree — He taught them the way of Torah, which is a tree of life that distances one from idolatry, and through this the waters were sweetened. This is the matter of the [Golden] Calf, about which it is said And he ground it until it was fine… and made the children of Israel drink it (Exodus 32:20). And our Sages said (Avodah Zarah 44a) that he intended to test them like suspected adulteresses, etc., both because idol worshippers are judged like adulteresses and because they also transgressed sexual immorality at that time, as they learned (Tanchuma Ki Tisa 20) from the verse And they rose to make merry (Exodus 32:6).
And perhaps for this reason it says and he ground it — to test the sin of grinding, that is, sexual immorality, as explained above. And the Calf itself was a bitter matter, and impurity clung to it — the impurity of idolatry and the impurity of sexual immorality. Therefore, it specifically harmed all those who worshipped it, because “like found like,” but to those who did not worship it, it did not cause harm, because nothing of the banned object clung to them, and the ground gold was for them just like ordinary gold.
And according to our Sages (Sotah 20a), something bitter was placed in the waters of the sotah, because it is said For the lips of a strange woman drip honey, etc., but her end is bitter as wormwood (Proverbs 5:3-4). And putting the water in an earthenware vessel was because an earthenware vessel never loses [its absorbed impurity] forever. Similarly, one who has relations with a forbidden woman and fathers a mamzer [illegitimate child] with her, it is called a crooked thing that cannot be made straight (Chagigah 9a).
And according to this Midrash, they were like an adulterous woman for whom sweet waters become bitter in her mouth. So too here, the waters became bitter in their mouths, and the Lord showed him a tree — He taught them the way of Torah, which is a tree of life that distances one from idolatry, and through this the waters were sweetened. This is the matter of the [Golden] Calf, about which it is said And he ground it until it was fine… and made the children of Israel drink it (Exodus 32:20). And our Sages said (Avodah Zarah 44a) that he intended to test them like suspected adulteresses, etc., both because idol worshippers are judged like adulteresses and because they also transgressed sexual immorality at that time, as they learned (Tanchuma Ki Tisa 20) from the verse And they rose to make merry (Exodus 32:6).
And perhaps for this reason it says and he ground it — to test the sin of grinding, that is, sexual immorality, as explained above. And the Calf itself was a bitter matter, and impurity clung to it — the impurity of idolatry and the impurity of sexual immorality. Therefore, it specifically harmed all those who worshipped it, because “like found like,” but to those who did not worship it, it did not cause harm, because nothing of the banned object clung to them, and the ground gold was for them just like ordinary gold.
And according to our Sages (Sotah 20a), something bitter was placed in the waters of the sotah, because it is said For the lips of a strange woman drip honey, etc., but her end is bitter as wormwood (Proverbs 5:3-4). And putting the water in an earthenware vessel was because an earthenware vessel never loses [its absorbed impurity] forever. Similarly, one who has relations with a forbidden woman and fathers a mamzer [illegitimate child] with her, it is called a crooked thing that cannot be made straight (Chagigah 9a).