הַדָּבָ֞ר אֲשֶׁר־הָיָ֤ה אֶֽל־יִרְמְיָ֙הוּ֙ מֵאֵ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה אַחַ֣ר ׀ שַׁלַּ֣ח אֹת֗וֹ נְבוּזַרְאֲדָ֛ן רַב־טַבָּחִ֖ים מִן־הָֽרָמָ֑ה בְּקַחְתּ֣וֹ אֹת֗וֹ וְהֽוּא־אָס֤וּר בָּֽאזִקִּים֙ בְּת֨וֹךְ כָּל־גָּל֤וּת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ וִֽיהוּדָ֔ה הַמֻּגְלִ֖ים בָּבֶֽלָה׃
Firman yang datang kepada Yeremia dari Yang Mahakekal sesudah Nebuzaradan, kepala pasukan pengawal, melepaskannya dari Rama. Waktu itu ia membawanya, sedang Yeremia terbelenggu dengan rantai, di tengah-tengah semua orang buangan dari Yerusalem dan Yehuda yang diangkut ke pembuangan di Babel.
Rabbeinu Bahya
ה' איש מלחמה, “Hashem is a master of war.” Seeing that Moses had told the people earlier that “Hashem will fight on your behalf,” they now confirmed to him: “G’d is a master of war.” In order to prevent someone making the mistake of thinking G’d employs conventional weapons when He carries on warfare, they added ה' שמו, “His name is Hashem.” It suffices for G’d to invoke His name and He does not have to engage in tiring and bothersome activity to prevail over His adversaries. We have a parallel line in Jeremiah 32,18: “O great and mighty G’d whose name is the Lord of Hosts.” When Jeremiah describes G’d as the Creator of the universe in Jeremiah 33,2, he also writes: “the Lord Who is shaping it (the universe) to bring it about, Whose name is “the Lord.” [Just as creating the universe did not entail toil and fatigue, neither will restoration of the Jewish state.]
A different approach: the word ואנוהו may be understood as אני והוא, meaning אדמה לו, “I wish to emulate Him.” The idea is similar to that expressed in Deut. 28,9 והלכת בדרכיו, “and you go in His ways.” Our sages (Shabbat 133) elaborated on this: “just as He displays patience and is long-suffering (man’s errors) so you shall be patient and long-suffering. Just as He clothes the naked so you shall clothe the naked. Just as He buries the dead, so you shall bury the dead.” The point of this Midrash is to demonstrate that just as G’d was involved in our redemption He is also part of our exile experience, suffering alongside with us. Proof that He participated in our exile is provided by the assurance in Genesis 46,4: “I will go down with you to Egypt.” Our sages used this verse to say that the Shechinah was exiled together with the Jewish people (Megillah 29). We also have a verse in Exodus 1,1 that G’d kept His promise when the Torah wrote the extra word את in that verse to show that G’d had gone down to Egypt together with Yaakov and his family. When we read in Exodus 12,37 that “the Israelites journeyed from Raamses, etc., this is followed in 14,19 where the Torah writes that “an angel of G’d traveled with them.” This illustrates that the Shechinah left Egypt together with them. When David wrote in Psalms 60,7 הושיעה ימינך וענני, “deliver with Your right hand and answer me,” this is a clear indication that G’d, i.e. the Shechinah, was itself in need of salvation.
The word ואנוהו, i.e. אני והוא is an allusion to both the Israelites and the Shechinah. They shared the exile experience first and now are ready to celebrate the redemption together also. When Ezekiel 1,1 describes his first experience as a prophet and says ואני בתוך הגולה, “and I was in the midst of exile,” the introductory letter ו is a reference to the Shechinah which shared the exile experience with the Jewish people. When Jeremiah 40,1 speaks of והוא אסור באזקים, “and He is bound in fetters,” the extraneous word והוא is a reference to the Shechinah.
A different approach: the word ואנוהו may be understood as אני והוא, meaning אדמה לו, “I wish to emulate Him.” The idea is similar to that expressed in Deut. 28,9 והלכת בדרכיו, “and you go in His ways.” Our sages (Shabbat 133) elaborated on this: “just as He displays patience and is long-suffering (man’s errors) so you shall be patient and long-suffering. Just as He clothes the naked so you shall clothe the naked. Just as He buries the dead, so you shall bury the dead.” The point of this Midrash is to demonstrate that just as G’d was involved in our redemption He is also part of our exile experience, suffering alongside with us. Proof that He participated in our exile is provided by the assurance in Genesis 46,4: “I will go down with you to Egypt.” Our sages used this verse to say that the Shechinah was exiled together with the Jewish people (Megillah 29). We also have a verse in Exodus 1,1 that G’d kept His promise when the Torah wrote the extra word את in that verse to show that G’d had gone down to Egypt together with Yaakov and his family. When we read in Exodus 12,37 that “the Israelites journeyed from Raamses, etc., this is followed in 14,19 where the Torah writes that “an angel of G’d traveled with them.” This illustrates that the Shechinah left Egypt together with them. When David wrote in Psalms 60,7 הושיעה ימינך וענני, “deliver with Your right hand and answer me,” this is a clear indication that G’d, i.e. the Shechinah, was itself in need of salvation.
The word ואנוהו, i.e. אני והוא is an allusion to both the Israelites and the Shechinah. They shared the exile experience first and now are ready to celebrate the redemption together also. When Ezekiel 1,1 describes his first experience as a prophet and says ואני בתוך הגולה, “and I was in the midst of exile,” the introductory letter ו is a reference to the Shechinah which shared the exile experience with the Jewish people. When Jeremiah 40,1 speaks of והוא אסור באזקים, “and He is bound in fetters,” the extraneous word והוא is a reference to the Shechinah.
German Commentary
Ani Waho. אני והו scheint aus אנא ה׳ zusammengezogen. Beide haben auch, worauf schon Raschi hinweist, denselben Zahlenwert (= 78). — Man scheute sich, den Gottesnamen auszusprechen, und selbst im Heiligtum brachte man ihn nur bei besonders feierlichen Gelegenheiten wie beim Priestersegen und beim Sündenbekenntnis des Hohenpriesters am Versöhnungstage in weihevoller Andacht und heiligem Schauer über die Lippen. Darum meint R. Juda, dass man ihn bei diesem Umzuge nicht klar und deutlich erwähnte, sondern mit dem Worte אנא so verschmolz, dass er nur durchklang. Da wir heute nicht mehr wissen, wie der Gottesname lautet (die Punktatoren setzten unter die Buchstaben, aus denen er sich zusammensetzt, die Vokale des stellvertretenden Namens אדני oder אלהים), so können wir auch nicht sagen, wie das Wort והו auszusprechen ist. Wir können nur aus der Endung jahu, mit der viele Eigennamen schliessen, und aus der Vorsilbe jeho, mit welcher andere beginnen, die Vermutung schöpfen, dass es Wahu oder Weho zu lesen ist, während אני nach dieser Auffassung Annaj auszusprechen wäre. Gewöhnlich liest man Ani Waho. [Da diese Lösung des schwierigen Problems nicht jedermann befriedigen dürfte, seien auch noch andere Erklärungen angeführt. Raschi macht auf die immerhin beachtenswerte Tatsache aufmerksam, dass die drei aufeinanderfolgenden Verse ויסע ויבא ויט (2. B. M. 14, 19—21) je 72 Buchstaben zählen. Stellt man die einzelnen Buchstaben sowohl des ersten wie des letzten Verses untereinander, die des mittlern aber in umgekehrter Folge zwischen die beiden Reihen, so erhält man den grossen aus 72 Gliedern bestehenden Gottesnamen, dessen erstes Glied והו und dessen siebenunddreissigstes אני lautet (so dass אני והו an der Spitze der beiden Hälften stehen). Nach einem der Gaonen (angeführt in Maimunis Mischnakommentar z. St.) deutet אני והו auf das Psalmwort (91, 15) עמו אנכי בצרה („Der du Israels Leiden mitempfindest, hilf doch!“); nach Maimonides selbst ist es eine Anspielung auf אני הוא in 5. B. M. 32, 39, nach Tosafot endlich ein Hinweis auf ואני בחוך הגולה in Ez. 1, 1 und והוא אסור באזקים in Jer. 40, 1 („Der Du unsere Verbannung teilst und unsere Fesseln trägst, hilf doch!“) nach Echa rabba, Einleitungen 34.]
Rashi
A voice is heard on high A voice is heard in the height of the world, the voice of the house of Israel weeping over Jeremiah the prophet when Nebuzaradan sent him from Ramah to return after the exiles to Gedaliah son of Ahikam, as is stated in this Book (below ch. 39).