Rujukan Talmud untuk Yehezkiel 45:11: Jerusalem Talmud Terumot

HALAKHAH: It is written (Ez. 45:13): “One sixth of an ephah from a ḥomer of wheat²²An ephah is one tenth of a ḥomer (Ez. 45:11), a sixth of an ephah is one sixtieth of a ḥomer. Verse 13 starts: “This is the heave you have to take.”, and you shall take sixths²³A verb formed from “six” whose meaning seems to be: taking parts of one-sixths. It is used in the Halakhah once in the meaning “take one sixth” and once as “take sixths”, i. e., “take two sixths;” cf. H. Guggenheimer, Seder Olam, (Northvale NJ, 1998), p. 6. from an ephah from a ḥomer of barley.” I could think he may give heave one thirtieth from wheat but one sixtieth from barley²⁴This is the reading of both mss.; R. Simson switches the places of “thirty” and “sixty”. This is required by the argument but it is not clear whether the change is based on a text or on emendation. If the verse speaks of “sixths” for barley, it would mean that the heave to be given is 2/60 = 1/30. The average of the heaves taken from wheat and barley is then 1/2(1/60+1/30) = 1/40.. The verse says (Ez. 44:30): “All heave,” that all heaves should be equal. Samuel says, add the sixth to the sixths, it turns out that he gives heave one in forty. “Average, one in fifty.” Rebbi Levi said, it is written (Num. 31:30): “From the half of the Children of Israel take one part in fifty.²⁵In the Tosephta (5:8), this is a statement of R. Yose (the Tanna); probably a Babylonian tradition.” All you take at another place shall be like this; just as this is one in fifty, so what you take at another place shall be like this. “And stingy, one in sixty,” as it is written: “And you shall take a sixth from an ephah from a ḥomer of barley²⁶Tosephta 5:8, where the entire verse from Ezechiel is quoted; the quote in the Yerushalmi misses a part, probably by scribal error in the Vorlage of both mss., induced by the two occurrences of חמר..”

“The House of Shammai say, [one] in thirty.” “One sixth of an ephah from a ḥomer of barley²⁴This is the reading of both mss.; R. Simson switches the places of “thirty” and “sixty”. This is required by the argument but it is not clear whether the change is based on a text or on emendation. If the verse speaks of “sixths” for barley, it would mean that the heave to be given is 2/60 = 1/30. The average of the heaves taken from wheat and barley is then 1/2(1/60+1/30) = 1/40..” Average, one in forty, following Samuel. Stingy, one in sixty²⁷It must read “one in fifty”, as confirmed by Tosephta 5:3 and the text at the end of the paragraph. R. Levi is the one quoted above, for the average giver following the House of Hillel. following Rebbi Levi. As²⁸A scribal error; it should read: Rebbi Levi bar Ḥina said, starting a new topic. Rebbi Levi bar Ḥina²⁹It seems that his name should be ר׳ לוי בר חיתה, an Amora and preacher of the fourth generation, student of R. Abba bar Ḥiyya bar Abba. said, he who takes out his tithes following the rules does not lose. What is the reason? (Ez. 45:11) “The ephah shall be one tenth of a ḥomer, its measure shall be from the ḥomer³⁰The verse is misquoted; it should read ועשׂירת החמר האיפה אל החמר יהיה מתכנתה. The plain meaning of the verse is that the ḥomer shall be the standard, the ephah being derived from it. It is difficult to understand why אל has been changed toמן ; the sermon seems to rely on the original reading of the verse: The ephah taken for heave and tithes is to the ḥomer, additional to the ḥomer because God will soon replace it for you..” For what do you need that? As we say, “if it turned out to be one in fifty³¹Scribal error; it must be “sixty” as in the Mishnah., this is heave and he does not have to give more;” so the House of Shammai say, if it turned out to be one in fifty, this is heave and he does not have to give more.