Commento su Esodo 10:15
וַיְכַ֞ס אֶת־עֵ֣ין כָּל־הָאָרֶץ֮ וַתֶּחְשַׁ֣ךְ הָאָרֶץ֒ וַיֹּ֜אכַל אֶת־כָּל־עֵ֣שֶׂב הָאָ֗רֶץ וְאֵת֙ כָּל־פְּרִ֣י הָעֵ֔ץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר הוֹתִ֖יר הַבָּרָ֑ד וְלֹא־נוֹתַ֨ר כָּל־יֶ֧רֶק בָּעֵ֛ץ וּבְעֵ֥שֶׂב הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה בְּכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃
Coprirono la vista di tutto il paese, sicché il paese rimase ottenebrato, e divorarono tutta l’erba della terra, e tutt’i frutti degli alberi, che la grandine avea lasciati avanzare; e non rimase alcun che di verde negli alberi, nè negli erbaggi della campagna, in tutta la terra d’Egitto.
Rashi on Exodus
כל ירק means any green leaf (not “any herb”, since it speaks of the ירק of the trees); old French verdure.
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Rabbeinu Bahya
ויכס את עין כל הארץ ותחשך הארץ, “it covered the surface of the entire land and the land was darkened.” There was no area which remained free from locusts. The matter is comparable to Yoel 2,9: “they rush up the wall, they dash about in the city; they climb into the houses, they enter like thieves by way of the windows.” The word עין here is derived from גוון, i.e. all the normal colors on earth turned to look black.
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Siftei Chakhamim
A green leaf. Rashi is answering the question: How can the word ירק (green vegetable) apply to trees? For it is written (Bereishis 9:3): “ כירק עשב (as the vegetable herbs),” and herbs in the fields are referred to as ירקות . Therefore Rashi explains it as “a green leaf,” as if the verse had actually said “green leaf.” Rashi proves this from “Verdure in Old French” which means green leaf [and comes from the root of verd, “green”]. And so it is in Hebrew.
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Chizkuni
ותחשך הארץ, “the earth became darkened;” from the amount of shade produced by the flying swarms of locusts.
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