Commento su Esodo 13:6

AND IN THE SEVENTH DAY SHALL BE A FEAST TO THE ETERNAL. This means that they are to bring their Festival-offering on the seventh day [of Passover] and are not to delay it any longer, for after that, one can no longer make amends for it. However, as far as the Festival-offering³⁸³Upon going up to the Sanctuary on the three Festivals of Pesach, Shevuoth, and Succoth, one is obligated to bring a Festival peace-offering. (See “The Commandments,” Vol. I, pp. 60-61). That Festival-offering should be brought on the first day of the festival and not later than on the seventh day of Passover or on Shmini Atzereth, which is the eighth day of Succoth. The Festival of Shevuoth, though only one day, has a similar seven-day extension period (Chagigah 9 a). is concerned, amends can be made for the first day of the festival all seven days. Both [the first and seventh] days of Passover are alike with respect to the law of a holy convocation, as He said above, And in the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation.³⁸⁴Above, 12:16.

V. 6. שבעת ימים. Mosche sprach diese Worte am 15. Nissan, dem Tage des Auszuges, der, wie bereits oben bemerkt, an diesem ersten Peßach der einzige Mazzatag war. Bei der Gedächtniswiederkehr dieses Tages soll das Mazzagebot sieben Tage dauern, und dann auch am siebten Tag ein חג לד׳ sein. Darum ist hier der erste Festtag nicht weiter erwähnt.

שבעת ימים תאכל מצות, “you will eat matzot for seven days.” Here too the Torah repeats this to leave no doubt that this law will remain in force when the people have reached their destination and settled in the land of Canaan (Israel).

וביום השביעי חג, “and the seventh day you will observe as a festival.” “Why did the Torah here not mention that the first day was also to be observed as a festival?” (Our author appears to be the only one having raised this question.) Possibly it had already been answered by Sh’mot rabbah who points out that a reminder of this has already been found in verse three, where the Torah commanded “to remember this day (the 15th of Nissan) on which the Lord took you out of Egypt.”