Commento su Genesi 14:4
שְׁתֵּ֤ים עֶשְׂרֵה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה עָבְד֖וּ אֶת־כְּדָרְלָעֹ֑מֶר וּשְׁלֹשׁ־עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה שָׁנָ֖ה מָרָֽדוּ׃
Per dodici anni avevano servito [pagato tributo] a Kedorlaòmer, e nel terzodecimo si ribellarono.
Rashi on Genesis
שתים עשרה שנה עבדו TWELVE YEARS DID THEY i. e. these five kings SERVE Chedorlaomer.
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Radak on Genesis
שתים עשרה שנה עבדו, they were enslaved to Amrafel, paying annual taxes to him.
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Sforno on Genesis
עבדו את כדרלעמר, after the compromise they had reached 12 years ago. Afterwards, they rebelled.
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