Commento su Isaia 45:7
יוֹצֵ֥ר אוֹר֙ וּבוֹרֵ֣א חֹ֔שֶׁךְ עֹשֶׂ֥ה שָׁל֖וֹם וּב֣וֹרֵא רָ֑ע אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה עֹשֶׂ֥ה כָל־אֵֽלֶּה׃ (ס)
Formo la luce e creo oscurità; Faccio pace e creo il male; Sono il Signore, che fa tutte queste cose.
Rashi on Isaiah
Who forms light for the righteous.
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Ibn Ezra on Isaiah
I form the light, etc. Things which are opposite to each other are mentioned in this verse.
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Rashi on Isaiah
and creates darkness for Babylon, and the same applies to “Who makes peace and creates evil.”
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Ibn Ezra on Isaiah
ובורא חשך And causeth5A. V., And create.5A. V., And create. darkness. ברא has here the same meaning as גזר to decree; for darkness is nothing by itself, it is but the absence of light.6Darkness is no substance in itself; the verb to create, which signifies to bring a substance into existence (להוציא יש מאין), cannot therefore be applied to it, and the verb ברא, which is used here by the prophet with regard to darkness, means to decree, to order. But God commands that there shall be darkness, is the same as, God commands the light to withdraw. I. E., however, lays rather too much stress on his exposition of the verb ברא.
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Ibn Ezra on Isaiah
The same is to be said6aThe evil seems sometimes to be something real, to which the verb to create might well be applied, as e.g. war, illness. But I. E. explains that these evils are but a certain relation of existing beings to each other; and finds the verb to decree or to command to be more applicable to them than the verb to create. concerning ובורא רע And causeth evil. By evil war is meant as the opposite of peace, or the sickness under which man labours, as being at war with his constitution. These antitheses are used to indicate that in the same way God will strengthen Cyrus and weaken the king of Babylon.
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