Midrash su Isaia 63:3

Rabbi Levi in the name of Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥman said: It is written: “The hair of His head like pure wool” (Daniel 7:9); that He has no debt to any creature. Rabbi Yudan in the name of Rabbi Ayevu: It is written: “I have trodden a winepress alone and from the peoples there was no man with Me...” (Isaiah 63:3). Does the Holy One blessed be He need the help of the nations, that He said: “And from the peoples there was no man with Me?” Rather, this is what the Holy One blessed be He said: When I examine the ledgers of the nations of the world and no merit will be found for them before Me, at that moment, “I trod on them in My wrath and I trampled them in My fury” (Isaiah 63:3).
Rabbi Pinḥas and Rabbi Ḥilkiyya said in the name of Rabbi Simon: It is written: “It shall be on that day that I will seek to destroy all the nations [that come against Jerusalem]” (Zechariah 12:9). Will seek? Is there anyone preventing Him? Rather, this is what the Holy One blessed be He is saying: When I examine the ledgers of the nations of the world and no merit will be found for them before Me, at that moment, I will seek to destroy all the nations.
Rabbi Simon in the name of Rabbi Yoḥanan: It is written: “Vengeance and recompense are Mine at the time that their foot will falter” (Deuteronomy 32:35). Is it heroism for a person to say that when the enemies of Israel¹²“Enemies of Israel” refers to Israel. Rabbinic custom was to substitute “enemies of Israel” for Israel when referring to Israel’s evil deeds or the consequences thereof. falter, I will punish them? Rather, this is what the Holy One blessed be He said: When they cease fulfilling the mitzvot that are customary¹³Hebrew regilot, a play on regel, foot, in the verse. among them, and no merit will be found for them before Me, at that moment, “vengeance and recompense are Mine.”
Rabbi Berekhya in the name of Rabbi Levi, and Rabbi Huna in the name of Rabbi Levi, and Rabbi Yudan in the name of Rabbi Levi, the three of them said one verse: “Your hand will find all Your enemies; Your right hand will find [timtza] Your foes” (Psalms 21:9). Your hand will be present [metzuya] to repay Your enemies, You will present [tamtze] the attribute of justice to them, You will present [tamtze] them with how few are the good deeds they performed; therefore, it says: “Your hand will find all Your enemies.”

R. Yudan said in the name of Aibu: It is written: I have trodden the wine press alone, and of the peoples there was no man with Me (Isa. 63:3). Does the Holy One, blessed be He, require their assistance that He should say: There was no man with Me? The Holy One, blessed be He, implied by this verse that: When I examine their record and find nothing to their credit then, I tread them in My anger, and trample them in My fury (ibid.). Then I shall redeem you, and never again shall you be oppressed, as it is said: And though I have afflicted thee, I will afflict thee no more (Neh. 1:12).

R. Shila lashed a certain man for having committed adultery. The man went over to the Government [of the Roman Empire], and informed them that there was a man among Israel who executed judgment without the permission of the king. The king sent a representative who, when he arrived, asked R. Shila: "Why did you lash that man?" "Because," answered R. Shila, "he committed adultery." "Have you any witness who saw it?" the representative asked. "Yes," he replied. Thereupon Elijah came in the image of a man and testified. "If so," said the representative, "he should be killed." "Well," replied R. Shila, "since the day we were exiled from our land, we have had no authority to exercise capital punishment; you may do as you please with him." While they were deciding what to do with that man, R. Shila began to praise God, saying Thine, O Lord, are the greatness and the might and glory, and the victory and the majesty, yea, all that is in the heavens and on the earth; Thine, O Lord are the kingdom, and thou art exalted as the head above all (I Chr. 29, 11). "What art thou saying?" he was asked. "Thus I said," he answered," "Praised be the all merciful who giveth the kingdom on earth just as the kingdom in the heaven, and who bestowed the rulership upon you who love justice." "Since you esteem the honor of the kingdom so highly let this man, therefore be the Judge who shall preside over all judicial affairs." He thereupon gave R. Shila a cane [as a token of a judge] saying: "Execute judgment." When he was through he said: "Since that passage was the cause of such a miracle I would explain it." Thereupon he went to the academy and expounded: Thine, O Lord, are the greatness, refers to the act of creation, as it is written (Job 9, 10,) Who doth great things which are quite unsearchable; And the might, refers to the redemption of Egypt, and so says the passage (Ex. 14, 31) And Israel saw that great power which the Lord hath shown; And the glory, refers to the incident of the sun and the moon which Joshua stopped in their course; as is said (Josh. 10, 13.) And the sun stood still and the moon stopped; And the victory, refers to the downfall of Babylon, and so says the passage (Is. 63, 3.) And their blood was sprinkled on my garments; And the majesty, this refers to the battle of Arnon, as it is said (Num. 21, 14.) Therefore mention is made in the books of wars of the Lord of Voheb in Suph, etc.; Yea, all that is in the heaven and on the earth, this refers to the war of Sisra and so says the passage (Judge 5, 20.) From heaven they fought; and Thine, O Lord, is the kingdom, refers to the war of Amalek, as is said (Ex. 17. 16.) And he said. Because the Lord hath sworn on his throne; And thou art exalted, this refers to the war of Gog and Magog, and so says the passage (Ezck. 38, 3.) Behold, I will be against thee, O God, the prince of Besh, Meshech and Thubal; As the head above all, R. Chana b. Abba said: "This means that even a superintendent over the well [which is made to water the fields] is also appointed in Heaven." In a Baraitha we are taught in the name of R. Akiba: Thine, O Lord, are the greatness, refers to the miracle of dividing the Red Sea; The might, refers to the plague of the first-born (in Egypt); The glory, refers to the giving of the Torah; And the victory, refers to Jerusalem; The majesty, refers to the rebuilding of the Temple may it he His will that it be built within our days.

Dan shall judge his people like one of the tribes of Israel (Gen. 49:16). Like one signifies that like Judah, he was one of the most distinguished of the tribes. Another explanation of like one of the tribes of Israel. He was like the Unique One of the world, who requires no assistance in battle, as it is said: I have trod the wine press alone (Isa. 43:3). Samson, who descended from Dan, needed no assistance from others, as is said: With the jawbone of an ass have I smitten a thousand men (Judg. 15:16).

... “Moab is my washbasin…” (Tehillim 60:10) When Israel entered into their land in order to inherit it, the Holy One forbid them to conquer these three nations, as it says “Do not distress the Moabites…” (Devarim 2:9) So too regarding Edom it is written “You shall not provoke them…” (Devarim 2:5) From where do we learn that they were not to conquer the land of the Pelishtim? Because it is written “God did not lead them [by] way of the land of the Philistines for it was near…” (Shemot 12:17) The oath which Avraham swore to Avimelech was still near in time, “And now, swear to me here by God, that you will not lie to me or to my son or to my grandson…” (Bereshit 21:23) His grandson was still alive. In the future the Holy One will permit Israel to conquer all three, as it says “And they shall fly of one accord against the Philistines in the west, together they shall plunder the children of the East; upon Edom and Moab shall they stretch forth their hand, and the children of Ammon shall obey them.” (Yeshayahu 11:14) And it is translated as ‘they will join shoulder to shoulder as one to wipe out the Phillistines.’ Therefore it says “…Philistia, join me…” (Tehillim 60:10), Edom and Moav are their occupation as it says “Moab is my washbasin; on Edom I will throw my lock…” (ibid.)