Musar su Genesi 49:9
גּ֤וּר אַרְיֵה֙ יְהוּדָ֔ה מִטֶּ֖רֶף בְּנִ֣י עָלִ֑יתָ כָּרַ֨ע רָבַ֧ץ כְּאַרְיֵ֛ה וּכְלָבִ֖יא מִ֥י יְקִימֶֽנּוּ׃
Qual giovine leone egli è Giuda - tu ritorni [illeso], figliuol mio, dopo aver fatto preda - egli si piega, si corica, a guisa di leone, o di leonessa, e chi lo farebbe alzare?
Shenei Luchot HaBerit
ולדן אמר דן גור אריה . How can we reconcile this description with Jacob's description of Yehudah as a גור אריה, while in the same blessing he called Dan a serpent? Did Dan possess the characteristics of a serpent or that of a lion?
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Shenei Luchot HaBerit
There is also a story about lion-like heroic deeds which will be performed in the future during the reign of the משיח בן יוסף which are described in the Zohar on Parshat Balak. After these exploits the משיח בן דוד will materialize. This makes the connection between Yehudah, i.e. the dynasty of David, and Dan even more plausible. Our verse here in reality applies the words גור אריה to Yehudah, not to Dan. Rashi explained already in Genesis 49,9 why Jacob compared Yehudah to a lion.
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Shenei Luchot HaBerit
Nachmanides, in his commentary on Numbers 2,2, states that the flag of the camp of Yehudah featured the image of a lion, in accordance with Genesis 49,9, which compares him to a lion. The flag of the camp of Reuben featured the image of Adam, reminding us of the דודאים containing the letters "אדם," as we read in Genesis 30,14. The flag of the camp of Ephrayim featured the image of an ox, שור, seeing Moses had described Joseph as בכור שורו הדר לו, in his blessing in Deut. 33,17. Lastly, the flag of the camp of Dan featured the image of an eagle, based on Deut. 32,11, "כנשר יעיר קנו,” "like an eagle who rouses his nestlings." This was appropriate since Dan's position as the rearguard of the army required him both to protect the rear and hurry up the slow moving ones in front of him to move faster. The overall effect of these camps and their flags corresponded to the vision of Ezekiel of the מרכבה, as we have mentioned earlier. [Although Yonathan ben Uzziel has the flag of Dan displaying a snake instead of an eagle, as in Genesis 49,17, this need not contradict Nachmanides, since the Tziyoni quotes Kabbalists as saying that the body of the picture was indeed a snake, but that the snake had the wings of an eagle. The latter suggests the attribute of mercy, רחמים.]
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