Musar su Proverbi 25:21

I would now like to present to you an insight from the holy mouth of the Ari, z”l (Pri Eitz Chayim, Sha’ar HaPurim, Chapter 6). For we must be aware of the intentions of the wicked Haman, oppressor of the Jews, that led him to give himself over to oppressing Israel specifically in the month of Adar as opposed to any other month of the year. You must know that there are twelve months in the year, which correspond to the twelve permutations of the letters of the name יהו"ה. Each month is governed by one permutation so that the month of Adar is governed by the last one, in which the letters are completely reversed like this: הוה"י. This is a name indicative of judgment. Therefore when Haman mentioned the four-letter Name he specifically mentioned it in reverse, saying, “And all this is not worthwhile to me” — Vekol zeH einenU shoveH lY (Esther 5:13). The final letters of the words of this verse comprise the permutation in which the letters are reversed like this: הוה"י. His intention was to arouse double judgment against Israel. First by mentioning the Name in reverse, and second by mentioning it as an acronym comprised of final letters rather than initial letters. But Hashem in His mercy heard and heeded the prayers of Israel and the righteous Mordechai and Queen Esther, who had been crowned with a royal crown. On her part Esther intended with her words to transform the attribute of judgment into mercy. For this is the way of the righteous — to transform the attribute of judgment into the attribute of mercy. Therefore she mentioned the name in an acronym comprised of initial letters and in proper sequence, saying, “Let the king and Haman come today to the feast” — Yavo Hamelech Vehaman Hayom el hamishteh (Esther 5:4). Her intention in making that feast was to bring about Haman’s downfall, in keeping with the verse, “If your enemy is hungry, feed him bread” (Mishlei 25:21), and the Holy One Blessed is He gave His approval.