Talmud su Deuteronomio 21:18

MISHNAH: The deviant and rebellious son¹Who has to be stoned according to Mishnah 7:5.. When can one become a deviant and rebellious son? From the moment he grows two [pubic] hairs to when he sports a beard, the lower, not the upper²If the pubic area is fully covered by hair., because the Sages used clean language³To avoid mentioning genitals.. For it is written: If a man have a [deviant and rebellious] son⁴Deut.21:18.. A son but not a daughter, a son but not a father⁵From the moment that a son is sexually mature, he can no longer be tried as deviant and rebellious son.. The underage [son] is not liable since he does not have any obligation⁶An underage child never has any obligation; his parents have the duty to educate him..

Witnesses found guilty of plotting. Rebbi Joḥanan said, falsehood, falsehood¹⁹Deut. 21:18: Behold, a witness of falsehood is the witness, falsehood he spoke about his brother. The repetition of the term indicates that every single falsehood in testimony subjects the witness to a separate penalty.. Witnesses found guilty of plotting and then found guilty of lying²⁰In the same testimony, the witnesses were found guilty of “plotting”, of rendering impossible testimony, and then of false (but possible) testimony. If this is a civil case, where the witnesses have to pay for “plotting”, can they still be flogged for false testimony? R. Johanan says yes, R. Eleazar and R. Simeon ben Laqish say no, as discussed at length in Terumot 7:1 Notes 7–29, in particular Note 19 (Ketubot 3:1 Note 29).. Rebbi Joḥanan said, falsehood, falsehood. Rebbi Eleazar said, evildoer, evildoer. ²¹The text is from Terumot 7:1 Notes 21–23. The murderer is called evildoer in Num. 35:31, the person subject to flogging in Deut. 25. It is said evildoer for death penalty cases, and it is said evildoer for cases of whipping. Since for the evildoer subject to the death penalty there is no fine accompanying the death penalty, so for the evildoer subject to whipping there is no fine accompanying whipping.

MISHNAH: When is he guilty? From the moment he eats a fourfold¹⁵Greek τετραμοιρία “fourfold portion”, cf. H. and E. Guggenheimer, תרטימר בשר Sinai 83(1978) p. 191. A baraita in the Babli (Pesahim 86b, Besah25b) states that a civilized person drinks a cup of wine (a quarter log, about 130 cm³) in two sips. One becomes deviant in drinking half a log in one gulp; this is the fourfold amount of a civilized person. The “fourfold amount” of meat is defined in the Halakhah (and the Babli) as half a Roman pound. Therefore, a civilized person will eat meat in portions no larger than 1½ Roman oz. per bite. The amount mentioned in the Mishnah refers to a single bite or sip, not the total amounts consumed during a meal (Maimonides Mamrim 7:2).
The form טרטימר instead of טטרמור is not unusual since Greek words copied into Aramaic or Hebrew often exhibit metathesis if one of the consonants λμνρ is involved [H. and E. Guggenheimer, למילון התלמודי יב Lešonenu 39(1975) 59–60.] portion of meat and drinks half a log of wine. Rebbi Yose says, a mina of meat¹⁶A Greek mina of 100 drachmas, not a Semitic maneh of 60 šeqels (between 120 and 240 drachmas), cf. Note 20. and a log of wine. If he ate in a company of obligation¹⁷In modern Hebrew this is called סְעוּדַת מִצְוָה “a meal of obligation”, the festive meal at religious occasions such as weddings, circumcisions, redemption of firstborns, etc., or at the lengthening of a month¹⁸Before the publication of the calendar computations the Synhedrion, and its successor, the Academy of Tiberias, had to determine for every month whether it should have 29 or 30 days. This meeting always was the occasion of a festive meal., or ate Second Tithe in Jerusalem, or ate torn or carcass meat, abominations and crawling things, i. e., if he ate anything which either is an obligation or anything forbidden, or ate any food but not meat, or drank any drink but not wine, he does not turn into a deviant and rebellious son unless he ate meat and drank wine, since it is said: gorging and drinking to excess⁴Deut.21:18.. Even if it is not proof, there is a hint in what is said: Do not be among those who drink wine excessively, nor with those who are gorging themselves on meat¹⁹Prov. 23:20..