Talmud su Esdra 10:8

Rebbi Joshua ben Levi sent for a man three times^38aSummons to appear in rabbinic court. but he did not come. He sent, saying to him, if I had not ever excommunicated a person, I would have excommunicated this man since for 24 reasons one excommunicates and this is one of them: The entire property of anybody who will not come within three days following the council of ministers and Elders shall be confiscated and he shall be separated from the community of the Diaspora³⁹Ezra 10:8.. Rebbi Isaac ben Rebbi Eleazar said, there are many more of these dispersed in the Mishnah⁴⁰The rules, together with most of procedural law, never were completely fixed. Babli Berakhot19a.. There, we have stated⁴¹Mishnah Ta`aniot 3:8.: “Simeon ben Shataḥ sent to him and told him, you should be excommunicated.” <sup>42</sup>Copied from Ta`aniot 3:8, Notes 106–108. For if there had been a decision made as it was decided in the days of Elijah, [would you not have caused a desecration of the Name in public? And everybody who causes a public desecration of the Name must be excommunicated. There, we have stated⁴³Added from Ta`aniot by the Venice editor.: Rabban Gamliel sent to him, if you hinder the public you will create a future stumbling block for the public;]⁴⁴Mishnah Roš Haššanah 1:6. would not prevent the public from performing a meritorious act? And any who would hinder the public from performing a meritorious act must be excommunicated.

“I am excommunicated from you, Rabbi Aqiba was stringent in that because of a doubt.” To forbid all his possessions⁸R. Aqiba decided that, while the exact meaning of “excommunicated” in this context is unknown since the use of a judicial term by a private person is inappropriate, the most extensive interpretation must be adopted.. As you say⁷⁸Ezra 10:8., “all his property should be banned and he should be separated from the community of the diaspora.” What do the rabbis do with this? An excommunication by the court is weightier.

From where that a declaration of forfeiture by a court makes it ownerless? ⁸¹The following text is copied from Peah5:1 (פ). From the middle of the text there are two Genizah sources edited by Ginzberg without noting the readings differing from the editio princeps(Yerushalmi Fragments from the Genizah, New York 1909), one noted G (pp. 120,122,129,131), the other ג (pp. 121, 123–128,130,132–139). It is written⁸²Ezra10:8. Babli Yebamot89b.: Anybody who will not come within three days conforming to the decree of the rulers and the elders, all his property shall be devoted to destruction and he shall be separated from the community of the Diaspora⁸³If the decree of the Court did not make the property abandoned, its destruction would have to be considered theft. Since Ezra was a teacher of the Law, his rulings have to be accepted.. From where that it⁸⁴Produce declared ownerless by a decree of court. The intricacies of these rules are explained in Peah; they have no relevance here. is free from tithes? Rebbi Jonathan, the son of Rebbi Isaac bar Aḥa understood it from the following⁸⁵Tosephta Sanhedrin2:9, Sanhedrin Yerushalmi 1:2 (Note 207), Babli 12a; Nedarim6:13 Note 83.: “One intercalates⁸⁶Since the Jewish year is both lunar and solar, but 12 lunar months are only approximately 254 days, in 19 years there have to be seven intercalary years of 13 months each. For details see the author’s Seder Olam(Jason Aronson, Northvale NJ, 1998). years neither in the Sabbatical year, nor in the year following the Sabbatical; but if they did intercalate it is intercalated.” The one month he adds, is it not free from tithes⁸⁷Since the spontaneous growth of the Seventh Year may be taken by everybody, it is not your harvest and, hence, biblically free from heave and tithes even if taken by the owner of the land. If the Supreme Court declared the year intercalary against the rules, it is nevertheless a valid 13 months year and all produce is legally abandoned property.? That refers to the Sabbatical year. What about the year after the Sabbatical? Rebbi Abun said, not to prolong the prohibition of new grain⁸⁸New grain may be eaten only after the Omer sacrifice on the 16th of Nisan, Lev. 23:14. The intercalation of a month, which always falls in Adar, unnecessarily postpones the harvest of new grain.. ⁸⁹This paragraph is an aside, taken from Ševi`it6:4, also Nedarim6:13. It explains why our calendar today does not take the Sabbatical year into consideration when determining intercalary months in the 19 year cycle. Rebbi Ze`ira in the name of Rebbi Abbahu: That is only before Rebbi permitted the importation of vegetables from outside the Land. But after Rebbi permitted the importation of vegetables from outside the Land, the Sabbatical year is as any other year⁹⁰The soil outside the Land of Israel is unclean (cf. Amos7:17). In former times Jews did not use vegetables from outside the Land since it might have particles of soil still clinging to it. But after the last remnants of the ashes of the Red Cow disappeared, these laws became inoperative and it was possible for everybody, even the most scrupulous, to eat imported vegetables. This has to be dated to the times of Rebbi. Cf. commentary to Mishnah Berakhot 1:1..