Talmud su Ester 6:1

HALAKHAH: “From where does a person start to read and fulfills his duty? Rebbi Meïr says, all of it. Rebbi Jehudah says, from a Jewish man⁴⁵Esth. 2:5.. Rebbi Yose says, from after these matters⁴⁶Esth. 3:1..” Rebbi Abbahu in the name of Rebbi Eleazar: He who says all of it, about all words of this letter⁵⁷Esth. 9:26.. He who says from a Jewish man, what they understood about it⁵⁷Esth. 9:26.. He who says from after these matters, and what happened to them⁵⁷Esth. 9:26.. Rebbi Simon in the name of Rebbi Joshua ben Levi. He who says all of it, all the facts of his strength and mightiness⁵⁸Esth. 10:2.. He who says from a Jewish man, the Chapter of the greatness of Mordocai⁵⁸Esth. 10:2.. He who says from after these matters, how the King aggrandized him⁵⁸Esth. 10:2.. Rebbi Yose ben Rebbi Abun in the name of Rebbi Joshua ben Levi: strength, all strength, with all strength⁵⁹Esth. 9:29.. Strength, is Haman’s strength. All strength, is Mordocai’s strength. With all strength, is Ahasuerus’s strength. It was stated⁶⁰Babli 19a. In Tosephta 2:9 in the name of R. Simeon ben Eleazar.: Rebbi Simeon ben Yoḥay says, from in that night⁶¹Esth. 6:1.. From the place where there was Haman’s downfall came Mordocai’s rise.

As regards the scroll of Esther, all are qualified to read it except a deaf person, an imbecile and a minor. R. Judah declared a minor to be qualified. R. Levi said: The scroll of Esther must be read [on Purim] at night and repeated in the daytime, as it is stated, So that my glory may sing praise to Thee—i.e. by night, and not be silent⁶¹Ps. 30, 13.—i.e. by day. (Therefore it is customary to read it at the termination of the Sabbath of two [successive weeks].)⁶²It is later explained that there was an ancient practice for the congregation to read the Book of Esther on the two Saturday evenings before Purim. [41a] When R. Meir once passed by a Synagogue he heard the reading of⁶³lit. ‘the voices’. a section [of the scroll of Esther].⁶⁴On a Saturday night. ‘How long,’ he said to them, ‘will you be cutting up the Torah⁶⁵Which, in its wider sense, includes the Book of Esther. into sections?’⁶⁶lit. ‘making the Torah callings up, callings up’. [‘We do it’], they replied, ‘on account of my glory may sing praise unto Thee’, and he allowed them [to continue the practice]. People have adopted the practice of reading it on two⁶⁷Inserted by GRA. Saturday nights of Adar until fifteen days of the month have elapsed. In what manner is it read? At [the termination of] the first Sabbath of Adar the people read together up to In that night,⁶⁸Esth. 6, 1; half the book. and on the next Saturday night they read from In that night up to and speaking peace to all his seed.⁶⁹To the end of the book.
In the case of the Song of Songs, it is read on the last [two] nights of the [Passover] Festival,⁷⁰So one MS. quoted by M. V and others add ‘of the exile’, which cannot be justified since only the last day of Passover is a ‘Festival of the exile’. half of it on the first night and the other half on the second night.
Ruth [is read] on the termination of the first day of Pentecost to [the end of] its [first] half, and concluded on the termination of the last day of the Festival. Others hold that with all the Festivals, we begin to read [the respective scrolls] on the Saturday night preceding them. People have also adopted the following procedure, viz. that no ruling is authoritatively laid down unless a custom⁷¹On which it is based. had been definitely established.⁷²So GRA. V, M and H read: ‘unless it is a custom’. As regards the saying of the Rabbis that ‘a custom cancels a ruling’,⁷³[Cf. j.B.M. VII, 1, 11b.] it applies to a custom of the pious men of old; but a custom which has no support from the Torah is only like an error of judgment.⁷⁴lit. ‘weighing of an opinion’.