Talmud su Osea 4:78

How does Rebbi Yose uphold this verse, bring your sacrifices in the morning, etc⁶Since for him the Mishnah has no biblical basis; the cessation of commerce with idolators either is rabbinic or an old popular custom. The entire sermon is reproduced in Yalqut Šim`oni Prophets§542.? The verse speaks about Jeroboam’s kingdom. When Jeroboam became king over Israel he started seducing Israel and said to them come, let us worship pagan worship. Pagan worship is lenient. This is what is written, let us go against Jehudah, cut it down, break it up, and appoint a king in it, the man from Ṭabeal⁷Is. 7:6. The tradition that Ṭabeal is a place rather than a personal name was accepted by the Medieval commentators of Prophets. According to Rashi the name is coded; one has to replace letter nby n+/-11; then טבאל becomes רַמְלֵא, a city founded after the Arab conquest.. Rebbi Abba said, we checked all of Scripture but did not find a place named Ṭabeal. But it treats its worshippers well. The Torah said, selected him from all of the tribes of Israel to be a priest for Me⁸1S. 2:28.. Pagan worship says, he made priests from the fringes of the people⁹1K. 12:31; quoted in the Babli, Qiddušin75b, in the name of R. Joḥanan.. Rebbi La said, from the thorns of the people, the rubbish of the people. The Torah said, the fat of My sacrifice shall not remain until the morning¹⁰Ex. 23:28.; but pagan worship said, bring your sacrifices in the morning³Am. 4:4, speaking of the sinful service of the Golden Calf of Beth El.. The Torah said, it should be eaten on the day of its slaughter and the next day¹¹Lev. 19:6.; but pagan worship said, on the third day your tithes³Am. 4:4, speaking of the sinful service of the Golden Calf of Beth El.. The Torah said, do not sacrifice the blood of My sacrifice on leavened matter¹⁰Ex. 23:28.; but pagan worship said, and burn your thanksgiving offer of leavened matter³Am. 4:4, speaking of the sinful service of the Golden Calf of Beth El.. The Torah said, if you are vowing a vow to the Eternal, your God, do not tarry to fulfill it¹²Deut. 23:22., but pagan worship said, pledge gifts, publicize them^3,Am. 4:4, speaking of the sinful service of the Golden Calf of Beth El.¹³But it is not necessary to fulfill one’s pledge. The reason of the Northern Kingdom’s apostasy is traced to the cost and onerous rules of Torah practice.. Rebbi Yudan, Rebbi Mattaniah’s father, said, the verse only serves to mention the shame of Israel. The day of our king, the princes are sick from wine’s heat, he draws the mockers by his hand¹⁴Hos. 4:5.. On the day when Jeroboam became king over Israel, all of Israel came to him late in the evening and told him, come and worship pagan worship. He told them, it is late in the evening; I am drunk and not drunk¹⁵He claimed that his mental faculties were slightly impaired.. Everybody is drinking; but if you wish, go and come in the morning. That is what is written, for their heart is like an oven while they are lying in ambush; all night long their baker is sleeping.¹⁶Hos. 4:6. All night long their baker did not sleep. In the morning he is burning like fire of a conflagration¹⁶Hos. 4:6.. In the morning they came to him. He told them, I do understand what you want but I am afraid of your Synhedrion lest they kill me. They told him, we shall kill them; this is what is written, that all are glowing like an oven and eat their judges¹⁷Hos.4:7. All of Talmudic literature assumes that the legal system imagined for late Hasmonean rule was that of the Davidic kingdom.. Rebbi Levi said, they killed them, as is written, if a corpse is found¹⁸Deut. 21:1. This sermon derives הֶחֱלוּ in Hos. 4:5 not from חלה “to be sick” but from חלל “to be perforated”.. Rebbi La said, they deposed them; The day of our king, the princes are profaned from wine’s heat^14,Hos. 4:5.¹⁹Deriving הֶחֱלוּ in Hos. 4:5 from חול “to be profane”.; the day when princes were profaned. From wine’s heat, they were addicted to wine. He draws the mockers by his hand: When he saw a serious person he placed two scoffers next to him who asked him, which generation was preferred over all generations? He told them, the generation of the Exodus. But did they not practice pagan worship? He answered them, because they were beloved they were not punished. But they told him, be quiet for the king wants to do the same. Not only that, but they made one and this one made two. He put the one up at Bethel; the other he gave to Dan²⁰1K. 12:29..

How does Rebbi Yose uphold this verse, bring your sacrifices in the morning, etc⁶Since for him the Mishnah has no biblical basis; the cessation of commerce with idolators either is rabbinic or an old popular custom. The entire sermon is reproduced in Yalqut Šim`oni Prophets§542.? The verse speaks about Jeroboam’s kingdom. When Jeroboam became king over Israel he started seducing Israel and said to them come, let us worship pagan worship. Pagan worship is lenient. This is what is written, let us go against Jehudah, cut it down, break it up, and appoint a king in it, the man from Ṭabeal⁷Is. 7:6. The tradition that Ṭabeal is a place rather than a personal name was accepted by the Medieval commentators of Prophets. According to Rashi the name is coded; one has to replace letter nby n+/-11; then טבאל becomes רַמְלֵא, a city founded after the Arab conquest.. Rebbi Abba said, we checked all of Scripture but did not find a place named Ṭabeal. But it treats its worshippers well. The Torah said, selected him from all of the tribes of Israel to be a priest for Me⁸1S. 2:28.. Pagan worship says, he made priests from the fringes of the people⁹1K. 12:31; quoted in the Babli, Qiddušin75b, in the name of R. Joḥanan.. Rebbi La said, from the thorns of the people, the rubbish of the people. The Torah said, the fat of My sacrifice shall not remain until the morning¹⁰Ex. 23:28.; but pagan worship said, bring your sacrifices in the morning³Am. 4:4, speaking of the sinful service of the Golden Calf of Beth El.. The Torah said, it should be eaten on the day of its slaughter and the next day¹¹Lev. 19:6.; but pagan worship said, on the third day your tithes³Am. 4:4, speaking of the sinful service of the Golden Calf of Beth El.. The Torah said, do not sacrifice the blood of My sacrifice on leavened matter¹⁰Ex. 23:28.; but pagan worship said, and burn your thanksgiving offer of leavened matter³Am. 4:4, speaking of the sinful service of the Golden Calf of Beth El.. The Torah said, if you are vowing a vow to the Eternal, your God, do not tarry to fulfill it¹²Deut. 23:22., but pagan worship said, pledge gifts, publicize them^3,Am. 4:4, speaking of the sinful service of the Golden Calf of Beth El.¹³But it is not necessary to fulfill one’s pledge. The reason of the Northern Kingdom’s apostasy is traced to the cost and onerous rules of Torah practice.. Rebbi Yudan, Rebbi Mattaniah’s father, said, the verse only serves to mention the shame of Israel. The day of our king, the princes are sick from wine’s heat, he draws the mockers by his hand¹⁴Hos. 4:5.. On the day when Jeroboam became king over Israel, all of Israel came to him late in the evening and told him, come and worship pagan worship. He told them, it is late in the evening; I am drunk and not drunk¹⁵He claimed that his mental faculties were slightly impaired.. Everybody is drinking; but if you wish, go and come in the morning. That is what is written, for their heart is like an oven while they are lying in ambush; all night long their baker is sleeping.¹⁶Hos. 4:6. All night long their baker did not sleep. In the morning he is burning like fire of a conflagration¹⁶Hos. 4:6.. In the morning they came to him. He told them, I do understand what you want but I am afraid of your Synhedrion lest they kill me. They told him, we shall kill them; this is what is written, that all are glowing like an oven and eat their judges¹⁷Hos.4:7. All of Talmudic literature assumes that the legal system imagined for late Hasmonean rule was that of the Davidic kingdom.. Rebbi Levi said, they killed them, as is written, if a corpse is found¹⁸Deut. 21:1. This sermon derives הֶחֱלוּ in Hos. 4:5 not from חלה “to be sick” but from חלל “to be perforated”.. Rebbi La said, they deposed them; The day of our king, the princes are profaned from wine’s heat^14,Hos. 4:5.¹⁹Deriving הֶחֱלוּ in Hos. 4:5 from חול “to be profane”.; the day when princes were profaned. From wine’s heat, they were addicted to wine. He draws the mockers by his hand: When he saw a serious person he placed two scoffers next to him who asked him, which generation was preferred over all generations? He told them, the generation of the Exodus. But did they not practice pagan worship? He answered them, because they were beloved they were not punished. But they told him, be quiet for the king wants to do the same. Not only that, but they made one and this one made two. He put the one up at Bethel; the other he gave to Dan²⁰1K. 12:29..

How does Rebbi Yose uphold this verse, bring your sacrifices in the morning, etc⁶Since for him the Mishnah has no biblical basis; the cessation of commerce with idolators either is rabbinic or an old popular custom. The entire sermon is reproduced in Yalqut Šim`oni Prophets§542.? The verse speaks about Jeroboam’s kingdom. When Jeroboam became king over Israel he started seducing Israel and said to them come, let us worship pagan worship. Pagan worship is lenient. This is what is written, let us go against Jehudah, cut it down, break it up, and appoint a king in it, the man from Ṭabeal⁷Is. 7:6. The tradition that Ṭabeal is a place rather than a personal name was accepted by the Medieval commentators of Prophets. According to Rashi the name is coded; one has to replace letter nby n+/-11; then טבאל becomes רַמְלֵא, a city founded after the Arab conquest.. Rebbi Abba said, we checked all of Scripture but did not find a place named Ṭabeal. But it treats its worshippers well. The Torah said, selected him from all of the tribes of Israel to be a priest for Me⁸1S. 2:28.. Pagan worship says, he made priests from the fringes of the people⁹1K. 12:31; quoted in the Babli, Qiddušin75b, in the name of R. Joḥanan.. Rebbi La said, from the thorns of the people, the rubbish of the people. The Torah said, the fat of My sacrifice shall not remain until the morning¹⁰Ex. 23:28.; but pagan worship said, bring your sacrifices in the morning³Am. 4:4, speaking of the sinful service of the Golden Calf of Beth El.. The Torah said, it should be eaten on the day of its slaughter and the next day¹¹Lev. 19:6.; but pagan worship said, on the third day your tithes³Am. 4:4, speaking of the sinful service of the Golden Calf of Beth El.. The Torah said, do not sacrifice the blood of My sacrifice on leavened matter¹⁰Ex. 23:28.; but pagan worship said, and burn your thanksgiving offer of leavened matter³Am. 4:4, speaking of the sinful service of the Golden Calf of Beth El.. The Torah said, if you are vowing a vow to the Eternal, your God, do not tarry to fulfill it¹²Deut. 23:22., but pagan worship said, pledge gifts, publicize them^3,Am. 4:4, speaking of the sinful service of the Golden Calf of Beth El.¹³But it is not necessary to fulfill one’s pledge. The reason of the Northern Kingdom’s apostasy is traced to the cost and onerous rules of Torah practice.. Rebbi Yudan, Rebbi Mattaniah’s father, said, the verse only serves to mention the shame of Israel. The day of our king, the princes are sick from wine’s heat, he draws the mockers by his hand¹⁴Hos. 4:5.. On the day when Jeroboam became king over Israel, all of Israel came to him late in the evening and told him, come and worship pagan worship. He told them, it is late in the evening; I am drunk and not drunk¹⁵He claimed that his mental faculties were slightly impaired.. Everybody is drinking; but if you wish, go and come in the morning. That is what is written, for their heart is like an oven while they are lying in ambush; all night long their baker is sleeping.¹⁶Hos. 4:6. All night long their baker did not sleep. In the morning he is burning like fire of a conflagration¹⁶Hos. 4:6.. In the morning they came to him. He told them, I do understand what you want but I am afraid of your Synhedrion lest they kill me. They told him, we shall kill them; this is what is written, that all are glowing like an oven and eat their judges¹⁷Hos.4:7. All of Talmudic literature assumes that the legal system imagined for late Hasmonean rule was that of the Davidic kingdom.. Rebbi Levi said, they killed them, as is written, if a corpse is found¹⁸Deut. 21:1. This sermon derives הֶחֱלוּ in Hos. 4:5 not from חלה “to be sick” but from חלל “to be perforated”.. Rebbi La said, they deposed them; The day of our king, the princes are profaned from wine’s heat^14,Hos. 4:5.¹⁹Deriving הֶחֱלוּ in Hos. 4:5 from חול “to be profane”.; the day when princes were profaned. From wine’s heat, they were addicted to wine. He draws the mockers by his hand: When he saw a serious person he placed two scoffers next to him who asked him, which generation was preferred over all generations? He told them, the generation of the Exodus. But did they not practice pagan worship? He answered them, because they were beloved they were not punished. But they told him, be quiet for the king wants to do the same. Not only that, but they made one and this one made two. He put the one up at Bethel; the other he gave to Dan²⁰1K. 12:29..

BARAITHA.⁷⁶K 20 with variations. For what sin do a man’s children die [young]? R. Eliezer said: For the sin of [unfulfilled] vows, as it is stated, In vain have I smitten your children.⁷⁷Jer. 2, 30. R. Joshua said: For the sin of [neglecting] the study of the Torah, as it is stated, Seeing thou hast forgotten the law of thy God, I also will forget thy children.⁷⁸Hosea 4, 6.
GEMARA. What will R. Eliezer do with the verse, Seeing thou hast forgotten, etc.? He needs it [for the following exposition:] It has been taught: When Israel stood at Mount Sinai, the Holy One, blessed be He, said to them, ‘Are you willing to receive the Torah?’ They answered, ‘Yes’. Whereupon He said to them, ‘Produce sureties in the matter’. They replied, ‘Here are our children’. That is what is written, Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings hast Thou founded strength.⁷⁹Ps. 8, 3. He said to them, ‘You offer your children as sureties. If you observe the Sabbath, all will be well; but if not, behold your children are My sureties’;⁸⁰I will call upon them to meet their indebtedness. as it is stated, Seeing thou hast forgotten the law of thy God, etc. How does R. Joshua [deal with the verse quoted by] R. Eliezer? He needs it for the statement, In vain have I smitten your children, they received no correction.⁸¹R. Joshua to maintain his view expounds the verse quoted by R. Eliezer in the light of Jer. 2, 30 that children die for the sin of neglecting the study of the Torah.

Another interpretation of Ye that inflame yourselves among the terebinths: Whoever arouses himself and masturbates forfeits his life, as it is stated, And Er, Judah’s first-born, was wicked in the sight of the Lord; and the Lord slew him.⁷⁴Gen. 38, 7. His sin was that he prevented pregnancy; cf. Midrash Rabbah, Genesis, LXXXV, 4 (Sonc. ed., p. 792). And whoever deliberately causes an erection is a transgressor, as it is stated, And the thing which he did was evil in the sight of the Lord.⁷⁵ibid. 10; cf. the preceding verse.
Even children meet the Divine Presence, as it is stated, A seed shall serve him; it shall be told of the Lord unto the next generation.⁷⁶Ps. 22, 31; cf. Sanh. 110b (Sonc. ed., p. 761). It shall be told indicates that when God’s glory can be related by a person, i.e. even a child when he is able to speak, he earns his right to a share in the World to Come. For what sin do a man’s children die [young]?⁷⁷Shab. 32b (Sonc. ed., p. 148); cf. Midrash Ecclesiastes 4, 1 (Sonc. ed., p. 110). R. Eliezer said: For the sin of [unfulfilled] vows, as it is said, Suffer not thy mouth to bring thy flesh into guilt … and destroy the work of thy hands.⁷⁸Eccl. 5, 5. R. Nathan said: For the sin of [neglecting] the mezuzah, as it is written, And thou shalt write them upon the doorposts of thy house, and upon thy gates which is followed by that your days may be multiplied, and the days of your children.⁷⁹The prolonged life of the children is made conditional in Deut. 11, 20f., on the fulfilment of the preceding commandment. R. Nehorai said: For the sin of [neglecting] the ẓiẓith, as it is written, Also in thy skirts is found the blood of the souls of the innocent poor.⁸⁰Jer. 2, 34; skirts refers to the precept of ẓiẓith. R. Joshua⁸¹GRA. emends to ‘R. Judah the Prince’. said: For the sin of [neglecting the study of] the Torah children die young, as it is stated, Seeing thou hast forgotten the law of thy God, I also will forget thy children.⁸²Hos. 4, 6. The parallel in Shab. 32b (Sonc. ed., p. 148) cites Jer. 2, 30. R. ‘Aḳiba said: Whoever does not occupy himself with [the study of] the Torah causes poverty to come upon his children.
What should a man do so that his children shall grow rich and flourish?⁸³Reading with GRA ויתקיימו. Let him fulfil the will of God and the wishes of his wife. This is the will of God: Let him freely distribute his money to the poor, as it is stated, He hath scattered abroad, he hath given to the needy; his righteousness endureth for ever.⁸⁴Ps. 112, 9.

Rebbi Jehudah ben Pazi said, it is written: “Between their rows they make oil,¹⁰³Job 24:11. In this pornographic sermon, the rows are the female’s legs, the oil is semen.” “they to not turn to the way of vineyards¹⁰⁴Job 24:18. The evildoers are not interested in harvesting.”, that their copulation was not for children. Rebbi Simon said, it is written: “They ate and were not satiated, they whored and did not spread,¹⁰⁵Hos. 4:10. In the words of the Babli, 61b, “any intercourse not intended to spread (the human race)” is sinful.” that their copulation was not for children. It is written: “Lemekh took for himself two wives¹⁰⁶Gen. 4:19. The intimation is that Adah “the jewel” was not supposed to have children to preserve her beauty. Ṣillah “the shadow” was shadowed by her children. In Gen. rabba 23(3), the roles of Adah and Ṣillah are reversed.”, “Adah” who was beautifying her body. “Ṣillah”, who was sitting in the shadow of children.

The following names are to be divided:³⁹Although each represents one name, it is to be written as two words. Beth-el,⁴⁰e.g. Gen. 12, 8. Beth-’awen,⁴¹Hos. 4, 15, X, 15. Beer-sheba,⁴²E.g. Gen. 21, 31. Ẓofenath-pa’neaḥ, [37b] Poṭi-fera,⁴³ibid. XLI, 45. E.V. Zaphenathpaneah and Poti-phera. Ben-’oni,⁴⁴ibid. XXXV, 18. Yedid-yah,⁴⁵2 Sam. 12, 25. E.V. Jedidiah. Halelu-yah.⁴⁶E.g. Ps. 111, 1, ‘praise ye the Lord’. E.V. prints it as one word. V and H add: וחרה אף וחרה אפי, and the anger [of the Lord] was kindled, My wrath shall wax hot (Ex. 22, 23; Num. 11, 10). R. Jose says: These must not be divided.⁴⁷But written as one word. All, however, agree that there must be no breaking up of ‘Ammi’el,⁴⁸A name meaning ‘God is with me’ (e.g. Num. 13, 12). Another reading is עזיאל, ‘God is my strength’ (e.g. Ex. 6, 18). ‘Amminadab,⁴⁹A name meaning ‘my kinsman is noble’ (e.g. ibid. 23). Ẓuri’el,⁵⁰A name meaning ‘my Rock is God’ (Num. 3, 35). Ẓurishaddai.⁵¹A name meaning ‘my Rock is Shaddai’ (cf. Num. 1, 6).

The following names are to be divided:³⁸Although each represents one name it is to be written as two words. Beth-’el,³⁹e.g. Gen. 12, 8. Beth-’awen,⁴⁰Hos. 4, 15; X, 5. Be’er-sheba‘,⁴¹e.g. Gen. 21, 31. Poṭifera‘,⁴²ibid. XXXV, 18. Ẓafenath-pa‘neaḥ,⁴³ibid. XLI, 45. E.V. Poti-phera and Zaphenath-paneah. [and the words] ḥarah ’af,⁴⁴lit. ‘the anger was kindled’ (cf. Num. 11, 10). ḥarah ’appi.⁴⁵lit. ‘My anger was kindled’ (cf. Ex. 22, 23). R. Jose says: These must not be divided. All agree that there must be no breaking up of ‘Ammiel,⁴⁶A name meaning ‘God is with me’ (e.g. Num. 13, 12). ‘Amminadab,⁴⁷Meaning ‘my kinsman is noble’ (e.g. ibid. 23). Ẓuri’el,⁴⁸The name means ‘my rock is God’ (cf. ibid. III, 35). Ẓurishaddai.⁴⁹A name meaning ‘my rock is Shaddai’ (e.g. ibid. I, 6).

GEMARA. ‘R. Meir said’: The Rabbis have taught:⁶⁴The story is not found elsewhere in Talmudic literature. R. Meir once went to a certain place where an old man asked him, ‘Why is it written, It is a sweet savour, an offering made by fire unto the Lord,⁶⁵e.g. Ex. 29, 18. [and elsewhere it is written, An offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the Lord]?’⁶⁶e.g. Num. 29, 13. The words within brackets are not in V but added by H. He was not in possession [of the answer], so he went to the Beth Hammidrash and inquired. They told him, ‘The one passage refers to those who occupy themselves with the study of the Torah for its own sake, and the other to those who occupy themselves not for its own sake’.⁶⁷Where the motive is disinterested the study of the Torah is a sweet savour first and an offering made by fire second; otherwise it is reversed. For the comparison of the Torah to fire, cf. Deut. 33, 2, a fiery law. As for R. Meir who taught: ‘Whoever occupies himself with the Torah for its own sake’, etc.,⁶⁸At the beginning of the Baraitha. was he not in possession of what R. Joḥanan⁶⁹This name varies in the sources, e.g. R. Isaac and R. Abba. said: [It is written,] And the Lord saith: Because they have forsaken My law which I set before them, etc.⁷⁰Jer. 9, 12.: The Holy One, blessed be He, said [54b], ‘I have exiled Israel not because of idolatry, immorality and murder, but because they forsook My law; as it is stated, And have forsaken Me, and have not kept My law⁷¹ibid. XVI, 11.—if they forsook Me why did they not keep My law?’⁷²j.Ḥag. I, 7, 76C. Hence the Sages declared:⁷³Pes. 50b (Sonc. ed., p. 245). Let a man ever occupy himself with the Torah even not for its own sake; because from doing it not for its own sake, he will come to do it for its own sake.
[R. Meir] made his statement on the principle of R. ‘Aḳiba, for it has been taught: R. ‘Aḳiba said: Whoever reads [the Torah] not for its own sake, it were better for him that he had died at birth;⁷⁴lit. ‘it would have been better for him had the afterbirth been turned on his face’. for it is stated, And ye shall keep My commandments, and do them.⁷⁵Lev. 22, 31. The purpose of studying the precepts of the Torah is to do them. But whoever reads [the Torah] for its own sake, Scripture accounts it to him as though he had fulfilled [the precepts], as it is stated, And do them.⁷⁶Cf. Sanh. 99b (Sonc. ed., p. 675). The following was quoted in refutation of R. Joḥanan’s statement: What was the cause of the first destruction of Jerusalem? Idolatry. And of the second destruction? Causeless hatred;⁷⁷Tosiftha Men. XIII, 22 (ed. Zuckermandel, p. 533) cites this in the name of R. Joḥanan b. Torthah. so were there not two causes?⁷⁸R. Joḥanan gives only one cause for the first destruction and one for the second destruction. R. Joḥanan can reply: It is the Holy One, blessed be He, Who spoke thus: They have forsaken Me. Why? Because they have not kept My law;⁷⁹One cause was the effect of the other, and so there were not two causes. consequently if they had kept My law they would not have forsaken Me. And as to your question on [the destruction of] the Second Temple, causeless hatred is different because it is more grievous than idolatry.⁸⁰Hence one cause sufficed. Whence do we know this? For it is written, Ephraim is joined to idols; let him alone:⁸¹Hosea 4, 17. As long as they are joined together even [to worship] their idols, leave them alone;⁸²So long as there was unity among the people, even for a base purpose, God would not punish them. [and it is written,] Their heart is divided; now shall they bear their guilt.⁸³ibid. X, 2. Only when the people are divided through enmity they suffer divine punishment. If so, what [was the cause of] the first destruction? With the First Temple it was different; He deferred the punishment from the days of Rehoboam. Or if you wish I can say that the First Temple was also destroyed for the reason their heart is divided.
The Rabbis have taught:⁸⁴This statement is not found in the Talmudic sources. Whoever hates another is as though he were his murderer, as it is stated, But if any man hate his neighbour, and lie in wait for him, and rise up against him, and smite him mortally that he die⁸⁵Deut. 19, 11. Hatred may lead to murder. Cf. Sifrë, Deut., §§186f. (ed. Friedmann, p. 108b).—were it in his power he would kill him.

MISHNAH: When the adulterers prevailed, the spell-inducing water stopped and Rabban Joḥanan ben Zakkai¹⁶⁶It is unclear when he abolished the ritual of the suspected wife and whether this was part of his program to divorce Judaism from Temple rituals. abolished it, as it is said¹⁶⁷Hos. 4:14.: “I shall not care if your daughters are whoring,” etc.

HALAKHAH: For it is written¹⁶⁷Hos. 4:14., “for they behave like donkeys with the prostitutes,” and it is written¹⁶⁸Num. 5:27.: “The woman will be a swearword among her people.” In times when her people are peaceful, not in times when her people are dissolute. “The man shall be free from sin.¹⁶⁹Num. 5:31. In the Genizah ms., the entire verse is copied, as required by the following homily: “The man shall be free from sin, then this woman will bear her iniquity.”” When does the woman carry her iniquity? If the man is free from sin¹⁷⁰A more extended treatment in the Babli, 47b; Num. rabba 9(53); Sifry Num. 21. An opposing opinion Sifry zuṭa Naśo31..

Should people strive²⁷So GRA; V ‘honour’. with you, whether it be in the House of Study or at a social gathering,²⁸lit. ‘in a sitting [for study] or in a reclining [at a meal]’. make peace with them, so that when you leave them²⁹lit. ‘on your return [home]’. they may speak well of you, as was spoken of Phinehas the son of Eleazar.³⁰Cf. Num. 25, 10-13. The translation follows GRA instead of V’s senseless ‘so that he may come and rest upon your bed’. And so used R. Eleazar Ha-Ḳappar to say: Love peace and hate dissension. Great is peace, for even if [Israel] were to practise idolatry but maintained peace among themselves, the Divine Presence, as it were, would be unable to do them harm, as it is stated, Ephraim is joined to idols; let him alone.³¹Hos. 4, 17. Cf. Midrash Rabbah, Num., XI, 7 (Sonc. ed., p. 441) where the reading is: ‘The Holy One, blessed be He, as it were, says: Satan shall not touch them’. In Midrash Rabbah, Gen., XXXVIII, 6 (Sonc. ed., p. 306) the version is: ‘The Holy One, blessed be He, says: I have no dominion over them’. But if there is dissension between them, what is stated of them? Their heart is divided; now shall they bear their guilt.³²Hos. 10, 2.
A house in which is dissension will ultimately be destroyed. A Synagogue [in which is dissension] will ultimately be turned into a place of idolatry.³³So GRA; cf. Yeb. 96b (Sonc. ed., p. 660). V reads: ‘The Sages said: When there is dissension in a Synagogue it will be cut in pieces’. If two scholars reside in the same city who have set up separate Courts of Law and dissension occurs between them, they will ultimately die [prematurely].³⁴Cf. Soṭah 49a (Sonc. ed., p. 263). Abba Saul said: Dissension between separate Courts of Law is the ruination of the world.

She has no claim to wine since poor Jewish women do not drink wine²⁴⁹And the rules are written only for the poor; Tosephta 5:8; Babli 64b.. Do rich women drink? Did we not state: It happened that the Sages assigned to Martha bat Boethos²⁵⁰The paradigm of a rich widow; cf. Yebamot 6:4, Note 75. two se‘ah of wine every day. How can the court assign wine²⁵¹Let a woman drink wine in the absence of a husband. The Babli, 65a, approves of not more than one cup of wine per meal.? Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Ada said, because of “Whoring, wine, and cider will destroy the mind.²⁵²Hosea 4:11. It is inferred that drinking wine induces sexual desires.” But did we not state: ”If she was nursing, one reduces the amount of her work and increases her food”? Rebbi Joshua ben Levi said wine, for it increases the milk²⁵³The same statement is in the Babli, 65b.. Rebbi Ḥizqiah, Rebbi Abbahu in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: Also²⁵⁴The original scribe wrote אין which by the first corrector was changed into אף. One has to assume that the scribe intended אִין, Babylonian Aramaic “yes”; in a Yerushalmi text this is a corruption. they assigned it for cooking²⁵⁵If her food was cooked with wine there was no problem since cooking eliminates the alcohol.. Nevertheless, she cursed them and said to them, so you should give to your daughters. Rebbi Aḥa said, and we answered her, Amen²⁵⁶As confirmation.. Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Ẓadoq said, I should not see consolation²⁵⁷Being part of an oath formula, the positive has a negative implication and vice versa. The implication is that the speaker would give up his share of paradise if what he says is not true. if I did not see her collecting barley grains between horses’ hooves at Acco. I quoted about her the verse: “The dainty one among you and the pampered, …²⁵⁸Deut. 28:56, the chapter of curses.” “If you have no experience, most beautiful of women, go following the flock …²⁵⁹Cant. 1:8. This verse has a positive interpretation in all Midrash sources.”. But did we not state²⁶⁰The reliability of the tradition about Martha bat Boethos is questioned since a parallel tradition is reported about another woman. But it seems that both traditions are one and that Martha (“the lady”) bat (“of the family of”) Boethos is Miryam bat Simeon ben Boethos, cf. Yebamot 6:4, Note 75; Josephus Antiquities xv. 320 ff. In the Babli, 65a and 66b/67a (for the second story, Tosephta 5:9–10), both stories refer to one person, the widowed daughter-in-law of one Nikodaimon ben Gorion waiting for her levir; in the second story (in an intended contrast to the Yerushalmi) it is emphasized that nobody said “amen”, (because the unhappiness of a childless widow cannot be compensated with money.): It happened that the Sages assigned to Miryam, the daughter of Simeon ben Gorion, a daily supply of perfume for 500 denar, when she was only waiting for her levir. Nevertheless, she cursed them and said to them, so you should give to your daughters. Rebbi Aḥa said, and we answered her, Amen. Rebbi Eleazar ben Rebbi Ẓadoq said, I should not see consolation if I did not see her bound with her hair to a horse’s tail at Acco. I quoted about her the verse: “The dainty one among you and the pampered, …”.

(Rabbi Nehorai would say: Exile yourself to a place of Torah [and do not say that it will come to you, or that your colleagues will do it for you. And do not rely on your own understanding.]) He would also say: Do not disparage any person ([and do not dismiss anything]), as it says (Proverbs 13:13), “One who disparages a principle will become injured through it; one who respects a command will be rewarded.”
He would also say: One who studies Torah in his youth, what is he like? Like a calf which was tamed when it was still small, as it says (Hosea 10:11), “Ephraim became a trained calf, but still wanted to thresh.” One who studies Torah in his old age is like a cow that was never trained until it was too old, as it says (Hosea 4:16), “Israel turned away like a stubborn cow.”
He would also say: One who studies Torah in his youth is like a woman who kneads dough when it is hot. One who studies Torah in his old age, what is he like? Like a woman who kneads dough when it is cold.