Talmud su Isaia 39:1

A Gentile came to a Gentile woman and she gave birth. Rebbi Joḥanan said, Gentiles have family relationships¹³³The verse Gen. 2:24: “Therefore, a man abandons his father and his mother and clings to his wife so they will be one flesh” is interpreted to mean that, by the laws of Creation, incest between parents and children, adultery (with a wife not his own) and possibly homosexuality are forbidden. The question is whether a court can enforce the incest prohibition between father and daughter. If there is no recognized legal relationship, that cannot be enforced. R. Joḥanan holds that any court on earth, even a Jewish one, can punish incest between Gentile father and daughter. R. Simeon ben Laqish disagrees.
In the Babli, 62a, the parallel discussion is on a completely different topic, whether the firstborn of a proselyte who converted together with his father is entitled to the customary double portion of the inheritance. R. Joḥanan answers in the affermative, R. Simeon ben Laqish in the negative.. Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish said, Gentiles have no family relationships. But is it not written¹³⁴Is. 39:1.: “At that time, Merodakh-Baladan, son of Baladan, king of Babylon, sent letters and a gift to Ḥizqiah.” Since he honored his elder¹³⁵Babli Sanhedrin 96a reports that Baladan was incapacitated and Merodakh added his father’s name to his own so that all acts of his regency should also be in his father’s name., he was honored with a family relationship. But is it not written¹³⁶1K. 15:18. The text is contaminated with 2Chr. 16:2.: “At that time, king Asa sent to Ben-Hadad, son of Tabrimon, son of Ḥezayon, king of Damascus, as follows.” Destroyer son of a destroyer. As you say¹³⁷Esth. 9:24. In Targum Šeni 3:1, the family tree of Haman is given up to his ancestor Esaw. It is not clear there whether “Hamedata the Agagite” is intended as a name or a title. In the latter case, Haman’s father’s name was Seraḥ.: “For Haman ben Hamedata was”. Was he the son of Hamedata? That means, oppressor son of an oppressor. So here also, destroyer son of a destroyer. Rebbi Tanḥuma said, so did Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish answer Rebbi Joḥanan, but is there not written¹³⁸2S. 9:10. In v. 2, Ṣiba is called “ ‘ebed of the House of Saul”. Since in v. 9 he is called “esquire of Saul”, it seems that ‘ebed represents the usage of the time the book was finally edited, the later kingdom of Judah, when ‘ebed was the recognized title of officials directly responsible to the king.: “Ṣiba had sixteen sons and twenty slaves.” Do slaves have family relationships¹³⁹Not being able to legally marry, they are empowered to be promiscuous without guilt.? It is to enumerate those who served Mephiboshet together.

The following are variants between Isaiah⁷⁶Chapters XXXVI-XXXIX. and the text of Kings:⁷⁷2 Kings 18-XX. Now in the four[teenth];⁷⁸Kings XVIII, 13; Isa. 36, 1 now it came to pass in the four[teenth]. Hezekiah;⁷⁹In Kings ibid. 14-16 the name is spelt Ḥizḳiyyah instead of Ḥizḳiyyahu. Rab-saris … to king Hezehiah … unto Jerusalem. And they went up and came to Jerusalem. And when they were come up, they came and stood by.⁸⁰Kings 17. In Isa. 36, 2 Rab-saris is lacking, the order of the words is to Jerusalem unto the king. The clause and they went up … they came is lacking, and stood is in the singular but the plural in Kings. And when they had called to the king … unto them.⁸¹Kings 18; and when they … king is lacking in Isa. 3 which has unto them for unto him. Sayest thou⁸²Kings 20; Isa. 5 I said. now … thou trustest;⁸³In Isa. 6 now is lacking, as is also leka (lit. thou trusteth for thyself), compared with Kings 21. ye say … in Jerusalem;⁸⁴For ye say in Kings 22, Isa. 7 has thou say and omits in Jerusalem. with … king;⁸⁵Kings 23, the Heb. for with … king is ’eth melek; in Isa. 8 it is ’eth hammelek. now … against this place … against this land and destroy it;⁸⁶For now in Kings 25, Isa. 10 reads and … now. In against this land the preposition is ‘al for ’el. the son of Hilkiah … with us;⁸⁷Kings 26; in Isa. 11 the son of Hilkiah is lacking, and to us occurs instead of with us. unto them … hath … to;⁸⁸Kings 27; in Isa. 12 unto them is omitted, and hath … to is ha‘al for ha’el. and spoke … the word of;⁸⁹Kings 28; in Isa. 13 and spoke is omitted and word is in the plural. and hearken not … when he persuadeth;⁹⁰Kings 32; in Isa. 18 and hearken not is lacking, and when is replaced by beware lest. hath … ever delivered;⁹¹Kings 33; Isa. 18 hath … delivered. Hena, and Ivvah have they delivered;⁹²Kings 34; in Isa. 19 Hena and Ivva is lacking, and before have the conjunction and is inserted. the countries;⁹³Kings 35; Isa. 20 these countries. but the people held their peace;⁹⁴Kings 36; in Isa. 21 the people is lacking and wayyaḥarishu is read for weheḥerishu. the words of Rab-shakeh.⁹⁵Kings 27 and Isa. 22 are identical in the Heb. The reference is probably to 2 Kings 19, 4 and Isa. 37, 4 where the former reads all the words of Rab-shakeh while the latter omits all.
And Shebna;⁹⁶2 Kings 19, 2;in Isa. 37, 2 we’eth precedes the name. the prophet precedes the son of Amoz;⁹⁷ibid.; in Isa. ibid. the prophet follows. The order in E.V. is the same in both. all the words of;⁹⁸Kings 4; in Isa. 4 all is omitted. unto them;⁹⁹Kings 6 lahem; Isa. 6 ’alehem. to his own land;¹⁰⁰Kings 7 has the preposition l, Isa. 7 ’el. of Tirhakah;¹⁰¹Kings 9 has the preposition ’el, Isa. 9 ‘al. behold he is come out … again;¹⁰²ibid.; Isa. 9 omits behold and for again (wayyashab) reads and when he heard (wayyishma‘). what;¹⁰³Kings 11 has ’eth ’asher, Isa. 11 ’asher. O Lord, the God of;¹⁰⁴Kings 15. Isa. 16 inserts of hosts after Lord. I have heard thee;¹⁰⁵Kings 20, wanting in Isa. 21. against the Holy One;¹⁰⁶Kings 22 reads ‘al, Isa. 23 ’el. thy messengers;¹⁰⁷Kings 23; Isa. 24 thy servants. the choice;¹⁰⁸Kings 23 reads mibḥor; Isa. 24 mibḥar. and I have entered into his farthest lodge;¹⁰⁹ibid.; in Isa 24 and I come up to the height of the mountains. strange;¹¹⁰Kings 24; lacking in Isa. 25. in … times¹¹¹Kings 25 reads lemimë, Isa. 26 mimë. … should be laid waste;¹¹²In Kings 25 the reading is lahshoth, in Isa. 26 lehash’oth. and confounded;¹¹³Kings 26 has wayyeboshu, Isa. 27 waboshu. and as corn blasted;¹¹⁴ibid.; Isa. 27 and as a field of corn. that which springeth of the same;¹¹⁵Kings 29 reads saḥish, Isa. 30 shaḥis. he came;¹¹⁶Kings 33 reads yabo’, Isa. 34 ba’. will defend this city;¹¹⁷Kings 34 has the preposition ’el, Isa. 35 ‘al. and it came to pass that night;¹¹⁸Kings 35; lacking in Isa. 36. and smote;¹¹⁹ibid. the reading is wayyak, in Isa. 36 wayyakeh. fourscore.¹²⁰Kings 35; Isa. 36 and fourscore.
His face;¹²¹2 Kings 20, 2 reads ’eth panaw; Isa. 38, 2 omits ’eth. saying;¹²²ibid.; lacking in Isa. 2. I beseech Thee;¹²³Kings 3; in Isa. 3 and said is inserted before I. heart;¹²⁴ibid. ubelebab; Isa. ubeleb. return … the princes of My people … I will heal thee;¹²⁵Kings 5; lacking in Isa. 5. and I will add;¹²⁶Kings 6 wehosafti; Isa. 5 behold, I will add (hinneni yosif). for Mine own sake and for My servant David’s sake;¹²⁷ibid.; lacking in Isa. 6. take … and he recovered;¹²⁸Kings 7. The whole sentence is lacking in Isa. and Hezekiah said unto Isaiah … the third day;¹²⁹Kings 8. The whole sentence is lacking in Isa. this;¹³⁰Kings 9; Isa. 7 and this. that the Lord;¹³¹ibid. the Heb. particle is ki, in Isa. 7 ’asher. will do the thing;¹³²ibid.; Isa. 7 this thing. go forward.¹³³ibid.; Isa. 8 behold, I will cause … to return. Berodach¹³⁴Kings 12; Isa. 39, 1 Merodach. … for he had heard;¹³⁵ibid. the reading is ki shama‘; Isa. ibid. wayyishma‘. Hezekiah had been sick;¹³⁶ibid.; Isa. ibid. that he had been sick, and was recovered. hearkened unto them;¹³⁷Kings 13; Isa. 2 was glad of them. all his treasure house;¹³⁸ibid.; Isa. ibid. omits all. oil¹³⁹ibid.; Isa. ibid. the … oil. … the house of his armour¹⁴⁰ibid.; Isa. ibid. inserts all before the house. … they are come;¹⁴¹Kings 14; Isa. 3 adds unto me the word of the Lord;¹⁴²Kings 16; in Isa. 5 of hosts follows Lord. to Babylon;¹⁴³Kings 17 the reading is Babelah, in Isa. 6 Babel. is it not so, if.¹⁴⁴Kings 19 reads halo ’im, Isa. 8 if but (ki). The variants here listed are not complete and there are others which are not included (cf. GRA).