Talmud su Levitico 22:32

Rebbi Jacob bar Zabdi said before Rebbi Abbahu: Did not Rebbi Zeїra and Rebbi Joḥanan in the name of Rebbi Yannai, Rebbi Jeremiah, Rebbi Joḥanan in the name of Rebbi Simeon ben Yoẓadaq, say that they voted on the upper floor of the Libzah house²⁴In the Babli, Sanhedrin 74a, this is called the Nitzah house. in Lydda: About all the Torah, if a Gentile tells a Jew to transgress any commandment of the Torah except those concerning idolatry, incest and adultery, and murder he should transgress and not be killed. That is in private, but in public he should not follow him even for the slightest commandment, as exemplified by Julianus and his brother Pappos whom they gave water in a colored glass²⁵Julianus and Pappos were famous martyrs from the time of Trajan. It is not clear which commandment they were ordered to transgress. (A change of consonant from J to L also occurs in Italian Luglio(“month of July”) from Latin Julius. and they did not accept. He said, they do not intend to lead you to apostasy, they only want to collect annona. What means “in public”? The rabbis of Caesarea say ten, as it is written²⁶In the Babli, Sanhedrin74b, it is noted that the verse in itself does not prove anything but that one has to compare the wording “I shall be sanctified in the midst of the Children of Israel,” with Num. 16:21 “separate yourselves from the midst of this congregation”, where Qoraḥ and his adherents were 10. The main inference from the verse is that the public has to be Jewish; a single Jew with many Gentiles is not in public. (Lev. 22:32): “I shall be sanctified in the midst of the Children of Israel.”

They saw the young Rebbi Abuna²⁷Nothing is known about him and about the circumstances under which he was forced to collect dung. collecting donkey’s dung on the Sabbath. Rebbi Jonah and Rebbi Yose permitted baking for Ursicinus²⁸Legate in Syria (351–354) of the emperor Gallus. At that time, the Roman government already was Christian and, while they did not yet try to convert the Jews by force, they certainly welcomed an opportunity to force the Jews to break their law. The argument of the rabbis implies that martyrdom is required only if the Gentile wants to force his religion on the Jew, not if he wants to force him to transgress the laws of the Torah. The Babli (Sanhedrin 74b) comes to the same conclusion in the case of fire worshippers who take fire for their temple where everybody comes to warm themselves. on the Sabbath. Rebbi Mana said, I asked before my father Rebbi Jonah, did not Rebbi Zeїra and Rebbi Joḥanan in the name of Rebbi Yannai, Rebbi Jeremiah, Rebbi Joḥanan in the name of Rebbi Simeon ben Yoẓadaq, say that they voted on the upper floor of the Libzah house in Lydda: About all the Torah, if a Gentile tells a Jew to transgress any commandment of the Torah except those concerning idolatry, incest and adultery, and murder he should transgress and not be killed. That is in private, but in public he should not follow him even for the slightest commandment, as exemplified by Julianus and his brother Pappos whom they gave water in a colored glass and they did not accept. He said, he does not intend to lead you to apostasy, he only wants to eat warm bread. What means “in public”? The rabbis of Caesarea say ten, as it is written (Lev. 22:32): “I shall be sanctified in the midst of the Children of Israel.”

Rebbi Abuna asked before Rebbi Ammi: Are Gentiles required to sanctify the Name²⁹“To sanctify the Name” means to suffer martyrdom for one’s faith (under the conditions spelled out before.)? He said to him (Lev. 22:32): “I shall be sanctified in the midst of the Children of Israel.” Israel are required to sanctify the Name; the Gentiles are not required to sanctify the Name. Rebbi Nasa in the name of Rebbi Lazar understood it from the following (2K. 5:18): “May the Eternal forgive His servant for this³⁰Elisha permitted Naaman to accompany his king to a pagan temple and to bow down there; for a Jew that would be unthinkable. Same argument in Babli Sanhedrin 74b, in the name of the school of Rav., etc.” Israel are required to sanctify the Name; the Gentiles are not required to sanctify the Name.