Talmud su Levitico 24:16

HALAKHAH: “The blasphemer is not liable,” etc. ²¹²The parallel in the Babli is 56a. From where a warning for the blasphemer? You shall not curse God²¹³Ex. 22:27. Since El means “power”, Elohim as a plural of majesty means “superior power”; in this case “supreme power” in contrast to elohim aḥerim which are not other gods” but “other powers”, such as the rain worshipped by Semites as Baal and by the Greeks as Zeus.. Extirpation from where? Anybody who curses his God shall bear his sin²¹⁴Lev. 24:15. In Num. 9:13, referring to the Second Passover, it is spelled out that “carrying one’s sin” is equivalent to “being subject to extirpation” [Sifra Emor Pereq19(6), in the name of R. Jehudah.]. Punishment from where? He who curses the Name of the Eternal shall be put to death²¹⁵Lev. 24:16.. But according to Rebbi Ismael, since Rebbi Ismael said that the verse refers to judges²¹⁶He reads Ex. 22:27 as referring to judges, who are called elohim in Ex. 22:7, Ps. 82:1. Babli 66a, Mekhilta dR. IsmaelMišpatim 19 (p. 317). The previous argument is R. Aqiba’s.? If he is warned about judges, then so much more about [divine] substitute names²¹⁷Any reference to the Deity other than the Tetragrammaton, the Unique name. Babli 56a, Mekhilta dR. Simeon ben Iohai p. 213. The argument seems to contradict the principle that “one may not punish on the basis of a logical argument” (cf. Halakhah 7:1 Note 9). But since the argument refers only to warning and Heavenly retribution, not to penalties imposed by the court, there is no contradiction.. If he is subject to extirpation for substitute names, so much more for the Unique Name. Some Tannaïm state: for substitute names warning and extirpation, for the Unique Name the death penalty. Some Tannaïm state: for substitute names warning, for the Unique Name the death penalty or extirpation²¹⁸Sifra Emor Pereq 19(5), opinion of the rabbis opposing Rebbi Meïr who equates the Unique Name and its substitute names.. He who says, for substitute names warning and extirpation, you shall not curse God and anybody who curses his God shall bear his sin by extirpation; for the Unique Name the death penalty, he who curses the Name of the Eternal shall be put to death. He who says, for substitute names warning, you shall not curse God, for the Unique Name the death penalty or extirpation, he who curses the Name of the Eternal shall be put to death; anybody who curses his God shall bear his sin²¹⁹The same group of verses can lead to two different conclusions without possibility of deciding between them., etc.