Talmud su Levitico 4:32
וְאִם־כֶּ֛בֶשׂ יָבִ֥יא קָרְבָּנ֖וֹ לְחַטָּ֑את נְקֵבָ֥ה תְמִימָ֖ה יְבִיאֶֽנָּה׃
E se porta un agnello come offerta per il sacrificio per il peccato, lo porterà una femmina senza macchia.
Jerusalem Talmud Horayot
MISHNAH: For all commandments of the Torah where one is liable to extirpation for willful infraction and a purification sacrifice for unintentional infraction, the individual brings a sheep or a she-goat94Lev. 4:28,32., the Prince a he-goat95Lev. 4:23, and the Anointed or the Court bring a bull96Cf. Mishnaiot 1:6, 2:1.. For idolatry the individual, the Prince, and the Anointed bring a she-goat, the Court bring a bull as elevation offering and a goat as purification sacrifice97Num. 15:22–25..
For a suspended reparation sacrifice the individual and the Prince are liable but the Anointed and the Court are not liable98Mishnah 5.. For a certain reparation sacrifice the individual, and the Prince, and the Anointed are liable but the Court is not liable99The reparation sacrifices for robberies or defrauding (Lev. 5:20–26), larceny of sancta(Lev. 5:14–16), the semi-manumitted slave girl (Lev. 19:20–22), the nazir(Num. 6:12), and the healed sufferer from skin disease (Lev. 14:1–32). Since no extirpation is involved, the Court is not liable for a sacrifice in case they rule wrongly in one of these matters.. For hearing a sound, or expression of the lips, or the impurity of the Temple and its sancta, the Court is not liable, the individual, and the Prince, and the Anointed are liable100Mishnah 6. but the Anointed is not liable for the impurity of the Temple and its sancta, the words of Rebbi Simeon84He is not mentioned in our Mishnah text, but Mishnah 8 states that the High Priest is exempt according to everybody; only for the king does R. Aqiba disagree; Babli 9a. According to Tosephta 1:10, the king is exempted only for disregarding a request for testimony and the High Priest for violations of impurity (since his diadem is a permanent atonement for imperfect sacrifices, Ex. 28:38.)
The High Priest is required (Lev.21:10) to be the richest priest; if he is not, the other priests have to make him so. R. Joseph David Sinzheim (Yad David on Horaiot) notes that the High Priest had the choice always to officiate at the burning of incense. Any other priest was given only a once in a lifetime occasion for this (Mishnah Yoma 2:4) since presenting the incense made the presenter rich (explicit in the Babli, implicit in the Yerushalmi, Yoma Halakhah 2:4, 40a 12). The king naturally has taxing powers.
Since king and High Priest are never able to bring a sacrifice according to the rules of the poor (Lev. 5:7–10) or the very poor (vv. 11–13), they are prohibited from ever bringing a sacrifice depending on the offerer’s wealth.. What do they bring? A variable sacrifice. Rebbi Eliezer says, the Prince brings a goat101This is qualified in the Halakhah..
For a suspended reparation sacrifice the individual and the Prince are liable but the Anointed and the Court are not liable98Mishnah 5.. For a certain reparation sacrifice the individual, and the Prince, and the Anointed are liable but the Court is not liable99The reparation sacrifices for robberies or defrauding (Lev. 5:20–26), larceny of sancta(Lev. 5:14–16), the semi-manumitted slave girl (Lev. 19:20–22), the nazir(Num. 6:12), and the healed sufferer from skin disease (Lev. 14:1–32). Since no extirpation is involved, the Court is not liable for a sacrifice in case they rule wrongly in one of these matters.. For hearing a sound, or expression of the lips, or the impurity of the Temple and its sancta, the Court is not liable, the individual, and the Prince, and the Anointed are liable100Mishnah 6. but the Anointed is not liable for the impurity of the Temple and its sancta, the words of Rebbi Simeon84He is not mentioned in our Mishnah text, but Mishnah 8 states that the High Priest is exempt according to everybody; only for the king does R. Aqiba disagree; Babli 9a. According to Tosephta 1:10, the king is exempted only for disregarding a request for testimony and the High Priest for violations of impurity (since his diadem is a permanent atonement for imperfect sacrifices, Ex. 28:38.)
The High Priest is required (Lev.21:10) to be the richest priest; if he is not, the other priests have to make him so. R. Joseph David Sinzheim (Yad David on Horaiot) notes that the High Priest had the choice always to officiate at the burning of incense. Any other priest was given only a once in a lifetime occasion for this (Mishnah Yoma 2:4) since presenting the incense made the presenter rich (explicit in the Babli, implicit in the Yerushalmi, Yoma Halakhah 2:4, 40a 12). The king naturally has taxing powers.
Since king and High Priest are never able to bring a sacrifice according to the rules of the poor (Lev. 5:7–10) or the very poor (vv. 11–13), they are prohibited from ever bringing a sacrifice depending on the offerer’s wealth.. What do they bring? A variable sacrifice. Rebbi Eliezer says, the Prince brings a goat101This is qualified in the Halakhah..
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