Talmud su Salmi 8:3

BARAITHA.⁷⁶K 20 with variations. For what sin do a man’s children die [young]? R. Eliezer said: For the sin of [unfulfilled] vows, as it is stated, In vain have I smitten your children.⁷⁷Jer. 2, 30. R. Joshua said: For the sin of [neglecting] the study of the Torah, as it is stated, Seeing thou hast forgotten the law of thy God, I also will forget thy children.⁷⁸Hosea 4, 6.
GEMARA. What will R. Eliezer do with the verse, Seeing thou hast forgotten, etc.? He needs it [for the following exposition:] It has been taught: When Israel stood at Mount Sinai, the Holy One, blessed be He, said to them, ‘Are you willing to receive the Torah?’ They answered, ‘Yes’. Whereupon He said to them, ‘Produce sureties in the matter’. They replied, ‘Here are our children’. That is what is written, Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings hast Thou founded strength.⁷⁹Ps. 8, 3. He said to them, ‘You offer your children as sureties. If you observe the Sabbath, all will be well; but if not, behold your children are My sureties’;⁸⁰I will call upon them to meet their indebtedness. as it is stated, Seeing thou hast forgotten the law of thy God, etc. How does R. Joshua [deal with the verse quoted by] R. Eliezer? He needs it for the statement, In vain have I smitten your children, they received no correction.⁸¹R. Joshua to maintain his view expounds the verse quoted by R. Eliezer in the light of Jer. 2, 30 that children die for the sin of neglecting the study of the Torah.