Talmud su Salmi 88:78

HALAKHAH: ^41aThe following Halakhah in its entirety is Halakhah Kilaim 9:4 (Notes 70–136). The ms. readings from Kilaim are printed in Frank-Rühl typeface in the variant readings.“If the widow said, I cannot move from my husband’s house,” etc. It is written (Ps. 88:6): “Among the dead is freedom.” When a person dies he becomes free from the Commandments.

HALAKHAH: “Shrouds of the dead, etc.” It is written (Ps. 88:6): “Among the dead is freedom.” When a person dies he becomes free from the Commandments.

The rabbis of Caesarea say, Gentile minors¹²⁴In the Babli, Sanhedrin 110b, this is restricted to minor children of evil Gentiles. Cf. Berakhot Chapter Nine, Notes 71 ff. and the armies of Nebucadnezzar will not live and will not be judged; about them it says (Jer. 51:39,57): “They will sleep an eternal sleep and never wake up.” From when do Jewish minors live? The elder Rebbi Ḥiyya and Rebbi Simeon ben Rebbi, one said from when they are born, the other said from when they talk¹²⁵Also in the Babli, Sanhedrin110b.. He who says from when they are born (Ps. 22:32): “they shall come and tell His justice to the born people He made.” He who says from when they talk (Ps. 22:31): “Seed will worship Him, it will by told to the Master by the generation.” It was stated in the name of Rebbi Meïr: From the time [the child] knows to answer Amen in the synagogue. What is the reason? (Is. 26:2) “Open the gates, let the just people come who keep trust¹²⁶In the Babli, Sanhedrin 110b and Sabbath 119b, it is explained that those who keep trust are those who respond Amen, “trustworthy”..” There they say, from when they are circumcised (Ps. 88:16): “I carried your fear, I cease”¹²⁷For the translation, cf. Arabic فني "to cease". Once the baby carries the fear of the Eternal, being circumcised, even if it ceases to exist it has part of the salvation expressed in the Psalm. But the rabbis from here say, from when they are born (Ps. 87:5): “He will say to Zion¹²⁸The Heavenly Zion., everybody [who] was born [is] in it.” Rebbi Eleazar says, even the still-born, what is the reason? (Is. 49:6) “The watched ones of Israel to return”, the created ones of Israel to return¹²⁹.

The rabbis of Caesarea say, Gentile minors¹²⁴In the Babli, Sanhedrin 110b, this is restricted to minor children of evil Gentiles. Cf. Berakhot Chapter Nine, Notes 71 ff. and the armies of Nebucadnezzar will not live and will not be judged; about them it says (Jer. 51:39,57): “They will sleep an eternal sleep and never wake up.” From when do Jewish minors live? The elder Rebbi Ḥiyya and Rebbi Simeon ben Rebbi, one said from when they are born, the other said from when they talk¹²⁵Also in the Babli, Sanhedrin110b.. He who says from when they are born (Ps. 22:32): “they shall come and tell His justice to the born people He made.” He who says from when they talk (Ps. 22:31): “Seed will worship Him, it will by told to the Master by the generation.” It was stated in the name of Rebbi Meïr: From the time [the child] knows to answer Amen in the synagogue. What is the reason? (Is. 26:2) “Open the gates, let the just people come who keep trust¹²⁶In the Babli, Sanhedrin 110b and Sabbath 119b, it is explained that those who keep trust are those who respond Amen, “trustworthy”..” There they say, from when they are circumcised (Ps. 88:16): “I carried your fear, I cease”¹²⁷For the translation, cf. Arabic فني "to cease". Once the baby carries the fear of the Eternal, being circumcised, even if it ceases to exist it has part of the salvation expressed in the Psalm. But the rabbis from here say, from when they are born (Ps. 87:5): “He will say to Zion¹²⁸The Heavenly Zion., everybody [who] was born [is] in it.” Rebbi Eleazar says, even the still-born, what is the reason? (Is. 49:6) “The watched ones of Israel to return”, the created ones of Israel to return¹²⁹.

At that time, Moses asked to die as Aaron had died, because he saw the great honor Aaron was given at the funeral procession, with rows and rows of angels eulogizing him. But did he actually say this to someone? No, he just said it to himself. Yet the Holy Blessed One heard his whisper, as it says (Deuteronomy 32:51), “And you will die on the mountain that you go up on, and be gathered to your people, just as your brother Aaron died on Mount Hor.” From this you learn that he asked to die as Aaron had died.
At that time, [God] said to the Angel of Death: Go, bring me the soul of Moses. The Angel of Death went and stood before him, and said: Moses, give me your soul. But he scowled at him [and said: The place I sit, you have no right to even stand – and you ask me to give you my soul? So he scowled at him] and chased him away with a rebuke.
The Holy Blessed One said again to the Angel of Death: Go, bring me the soul of Moses.
Finally, the Holy Blessed One said to Moses: Moses! You’ve had enough of this world. The World to Come has been prepared for you since the six days of creation. As it says (Exodus 33:22), “God said, here is a place near Me; stand on that rock.” The Holy Blessed One took Moses’ soul and stored it under the Throne of Glory. (As it says [I Samuel 25:29], “And the soul of my master will be bound up in the bond of life.”) And when He took it, He did it with a kiss. As it says (Deuteronomy 34:5), “[Moses died…] by the mouth of God.” And not only Moses’ soul is stored under the Throne of Glory, but also the souls of all the righteous are stored there! As it says (I Samuel 25:29), “[If anyone sets out to pursue you and seek your life], the soul of my master will be bound up in the bond of life.” Could it be that the souls of the wicked are there, too? The verse continues: “but He will fling away the lives of your enemies like a slingshot.” [(To what can this be compared?) It can be compared to someone who takes a stone and places it in a sling;] even though he flings it from place to place, he does not know where it will land. So it is for the souls of the wicked, which cast about and go wandering the world, and have no place to rest.
The Holy Blessed One said again to the Angel of Death: Go, bring me the soul of Moses. He went back to the place, and looked for Moses, but could not find him. He went to the Great Sea and said to it: Did Moses come here? And it said: I have not seen him since the day that Israel passed through me. He went to the mountains and hills and asked them: Did Moses come here? [They said to him: We have not seen him since the day that Israel received the Torah on Mount Sinai. He went down to the Underworld and to Oblivion said to them: Did Moses come here? They said: We have heard his name, but we have never seen him. He went and asked the angels: Did Moses come here?] They said to him: God knows his path and his place. God stored him away for the World to Come, and no living creature knows where. As it says (Job 28:12–14, 22), “Where will wisdom be found, and where is the place of understanding? No human knows its measure, and it cannot be found in the land of the living. The Deep says, it is not in me, and the sea says it is not by me…. Oblivion and Death say: in our ears we heard a rumor.” Even Joshua was sitting in despair over Moses [for he did not know where he was], until the Holy Blessed One said to him: Joshua, why are you in despair over Moses? For “Moses My servant is dead.” (Joshua 1:2).