Talmud su Salmi 94:78

It was stated²⁷⁵Babli 29a, Arakhin 11b.: Rebbi Yose says, the day of the destruction of the Temple was after the end of the Sabbath, at the end of a Sabbatical year²⁷⁶69 C.E., during the watch of Yehoyariv, on the Ninth of Av. And so it happened the second time. Both times the Levites were standing on the platform and singing, He turned on them their wrongs, in their malice he eradicates them, eradicates them the Eternal, our God²⁷⁷Ps. 94:23.. Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish asked before Rebbi Joḥanan; may one sing without libations²⁷⁸If there are sacrifices, the Levites have to sing the daily song at the time the libations accompanying the daily sacrifice are poured. Since daily (and all other animal) sacrifices stopped on Tammuz 17, the question is whether the Levites may sing at all.? He said to him, let us hear from what was stated: “both times the Levites were standing on the platform and singing, He turned on them their wrongs, etc.” Rebbi Abbahu said, Rebbi Joḥanan and Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish disagreed. Rebbi Joḥanan said, one may sing without libations. Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish said, one may not sing without libations. Rebbi Joḥanan objected to Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish: Was it not stated, “both times the Levites were standing on the platform and singing, He turned on them their wrongs”? Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish said to him, what do you conclude from this? He said to him, since if there were libations it would have been time for the song. Rebbi Joḥanan said, the daily song. Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish said, yesterday’s song²⁷⁹In this version, R. Joḥanan disputes either whether the song was Ps. 94 or that the destruction was on a Sunday, since the song is the one for Wednesday. He holds that if there are no sacrifices, one performs the services which are possible under the circumstances. R. Simeon ben Laqish holds that no service can be performed if not all rules can be observed; for him the song here was not a service but a dirge..

Why has it been ordained that the psalms¹So H while M has the singular; it is lacking in V. [prescribed for the Temple service] are to be said²At the present time when no sacrifices are offered. on every New Moon?³As in Temple times when they were recited while the continual sacrifice was being offered. [This is done in accordance with the view of] R. Simeon b. Laḳish. He enquired of R. Joḥanan whether it was permissible to recite the psalms⁴lit. ‘song’. in the absence of libations, and he replied, ‘We may deduce the answer from the following statement: On this and that [occasion]⁵The destruction of the first and second Temples. the Levites stood on the platform⁶On the Sunday immediately following the respective destructions (‘Arak. 11b, Sonc. ed., p. 65). and recited, And He hath brought upon them their own iniquity’.⁷Ps. 94, 23. As this Psalm was prescribed normally for Wednesdays (in connection with the sacrifices and libations of the day) but was said on these two occasions on the Sunday (for which a different Psalm had been arranged), it follows that the recital of a particular Psalm is independent of the sacrifices or libations of the day. It was ordained, therefore, that the Psalm for the New Moon, originally prescribed for the Temple service, should also be said at the present time (cf. N.Y.). R. Simeon b. Laḳish asked him, ‘Which is first, the psalm⁸Which was said in connection with the morning continual offering. or the additional sacrifice?’⁹Of the New Moon, if the Psalm had been delayed until the time of the additional sacrifice had arrived. He replied,¹⁰Inserted by GRA. ‘It is obvious that the psalm is read first’.¹¹Since it belongs to the earlier part of the service. For this reason¹²Because of the ruling above that the Temple Psalm of the New Moon should continue to be said even at the present time. the people have adopted the custom of saying psalms¹³As in the Temple, although no sacrifices are now offered. at their proper times;¹⁴As prescribed for the Temple service. as we have learned in the Mishnah:¹⁵Tamid VII, 4 (Sonc. ed., pp. 37f). ‘These were the psalms which the Levites used to recite in the Temple: On Sunday¹⁶lit. ‘the first day’. Monday is called ‘the second day’ and so on. they used to recite, The earth is the Lord’s, and the fulness thereof; the world, and they that dwell therein.¹⁷The quotation represents Ps. 24, and the following quotations denote the respective Psalms in which they occur. On Monday, Great is the Lord, and exceedingly to be praised,¹⁸Ps. 48. etc. On Tuesday, God standeth in the congregation of God,¹⁹Ps. 82. etc. On Wednesday, O Lord, Thou God to whom vengeance belongeth,²⁰Ps. 94. etc. On Thursday, Sing aloud unto God our strength,²¹Ps. 81. etc. On Friday, The Lord reigneth; He is clothed in majesty.²²Ps. 93. On the Sabbath, A psalm, a Song. For the sabbath day,²³Ps. 92. [which is the psalm and song also]²⁴So in Tamid loc. cit., but omitted in V. for the hereafter, for the day which will be wholly a Sabbath and [will bring] rest in life everlasting’. For whoever makes mention of a Biblical verse at its proper time is regarded [by God] as though he had built a new altar and offered a sacrifice upon it.