민수기 20:4 해설: Kli Yakar, Or HaChaim, Tur HaArokh & Rav Hirsch

“And why did you bring the congregation of the Lord.” Initially it says, They gathered against Moses and Aaron, and afterward it says, The people quarreled with Moses alone, and then it reverts to saying, And why did you bring to both of them, and afterward, Why did you bring us up to Moses alone (see Baal HaTurim). Furthermore, they should have prioritized the complaints of Why did you bring us up from Egypt before Why did you bring the congregation of the Lord to this wilderness in the order of their occurrence. Additionally, they changed their names several times from assembly, to congregation, to the people, and congregation of the Lord.

זלמה הבאתם את קהל ה׳ אל המדבר הזה, "and why did you bring this community to this desert, etc.?" Their second complaint was why Moses had chosen a route through the desert. Their reasoning was that seeing Moses was unable to provide water in the desert, by whose authority had he chosen such a route?

ולמה הבאתם את קהל ה' אל המדבר הזה “and for what purpose did you bring the congregation of Hashem to this wilderness?” Why, at this juncture, did the people describe themselves as Hashem’s congregation? They implied that up until now when the presence of Hashem had not seen fit to reside with the people until the last of the survivors of the people tainted by the sin of the spies had died, there might have been some justification for their grueling march through these inhospitable deserts; but now after the last of these people had already died, why did they still have to be in the desert although they had regained their status as קהל ה', “Hashem’s congregation? Why would they need to die from thirst?