민수기 20:1 할라카: Mishneh Torah, Torah Study, Halakhot Gedolot, Kitzur Shulchan Arukh & Shulchan Arukh, Yoreh De'ah

Even as a man is under command to honor his father and fear him, so is he obliged to honor his master, but fear him yet more than his father; his father brought him to life upon this world but his master who taught him wisdom, brings him to life in the world to come. If he chances upon a lost article of his father and a lost article of his master, reclaiming that of his master precedes the one of his father. If his father and his master are burdened with a load, he should unburden the load of his master first and then that of his father. If his father and his master be incarcerated in a prison, he should free the master first and afterward free his father. If his father was a disciple of the wise, he should free his father first. Likewise if his father be a disciple of the wise, even though not weighty alongside his master, he should reclaim the lost article of his father first and after that reclaim the lost article of his master. There is no honor greater than the honor due a master, nor awe greater than the awe due a master. The sages said: "The awe of thy master is likened to the awe of Him Who is in heaven." (Pirke Abot, 4.15). They have, therefore, said: "He who differs with his master is likened unto one who differs with the Shekinah, even as it is said: 'When they strove against God'" (Num. 26.9; Sanhedrin, 110a). Whosoever strives with his master is like unto one who strives against the Shekinah, even as it is said: "Where the children of Israel strove with the Lord and He was sanctified in them" (Ibid. 20.13); and whosoever murmurs against his master is like unto one who murmurs against the Lord, even as it is said: "Your murmurs are not against us, but against the Lord" (Ex. 16.8); and whosoever has suspicious thoughts against his master is like unto one who has suspicious thoughts against the Shekinah, as it is said: "And the people spoke against God and against Moses" (Num. 25).¹Baba Mezi’a, 33a; Horayot, 14b; The text herein is that of the Talmud Yer. C. G.

(Page 121) (Avodah Zarah 29b) And these are the items of Gentiles that are forbidden, and their prohibition is a prohibition of benefit: The wine and vinegar of Gentiles that was originally wine. Wine—how do we know it is prohibited? Rav Nachman said in the name of Rabba bar Avuha: For it is written, "The fat of their sacrifices they eat, and they drink the wine of their libations" (Deut. 32:38). Just as the sacrifice is forbidden, so too the wine is forbidden. And the sacrifice itself—how do we know it is forbidden? For it is written, "And they joined themselves to Baal Peor and ate sacrifices of the dead" (Ps. 106:28). Just as the dead is forbidden, so too the sacrifice is forbidden. And the dead itself—how do we know it is forbidden? It is derived through a verbal analogy (gezeirah shavah) of the word "there" (sham) from the law of the heifer whose neck is broken (Deut. 21:4). It is written here, "And Miriam died there" (Num. 20:1). And it is written there, "And they shall break the neck of the heifer there in the valley" (Deut. 21:4). Just as there it is forbidden, so too here it is forbidden. And there—how do we know it is forbidden? The school of Rabbi Yannai said: "Atonement is written concerning it, like sacrifices." And the vinegar of Gentiles that was originally wine— Isn’t this obvious? Does it lose its prohibition because it became vinegar? Rav Ashi said: This teaches us that our vinegar in the possession of Gentiles does not require a double seal. What is the reason? If it is due to libation, it is not libated. If it is due to falsification, since there is one seal, they do not bother to falsify it.

If one of the deceased persons is a Torah scholar, and the other is an ignorant man, the Torah scholar should be taken out for burial first, even though the ignorant man died first. If there is a man and a woman, the woman should be buried first, even if the man died first, for it is written, "And Miriam died there, and was buried there,"³Numbers 20:1 (which means) the burial was immediately after her death.