사무엘상 15:4 할라카: Kitzur Shulchan Arukh & Shulchan Arukh, Yoreh De'ah

Care should be taken not to take a head-count of people to verify whether there is a minyan,⁶A quorum of ten. because it is forbidden to take a head-count of Jews even for the purpose of a mitzvah, for it is written: "And Saul gathered the nation and counted them by means of lambs."⁷King Saul told each of them to take a lamb from the king’s flocks, then he proceeded to count the lambs, thereby avoiding the direct counting of the people. See I Samuel 15:4. It is customary to count them by reciting the verse: Hoshiah es amecha etc⁸Psalms 28:9. which contains ten words.

It is prohibited to leave the corpse [unburied] over night, unless they left him over night for the sake of his honour, [viz.,] to provide for him a coffin or shrouds,¹Mishna San. 46a: ‘Whoever leaves his dead lie over night, transgresses both the positive command, “but thou shalt surely bury him the same day,” and the negative command, “his body shall not remain all night upon the tree” (Deut. XXI, 23). Cf. ibid. 46b. Some hold that only the negative command is transgressed, since the positive command refers only to those executed by Court. Cf. Yad, Sanhedrin XV, 8 and v. Leḥem Mish. Yad, Ebel IV, 8. however, Sifre Deut. ibid. and Torah Temimah a.l. Cf. also A.R.N. § IV; Zohar, Emor 88a-b; Naso 142b-144a. The prohibition is only against keeping the corpse over night until the morning, but if kept over only part of the night, there is no transgression involved, only that it is considered a praiseworthy act to bury the corpse as soon as possible (v. infra par. 2) — P.Tesh., Yad Abraham. Even if one was a completely wicked person throughout his life, he must not be kept over night. If there is a government law in force, forbidding burial immediately after death, the above prohibition does not apply. If a corpse was found and it is not known for sure who the individual is, the law is that it is permissible to keep him over until he is identified — P.Tesh. or [professional] lamenting women,²San. 47a. or in order that relatives should [have time] to come,³Who live in another locality. Sem(H). XI, or to assemble [surrounding] townships [for his funeral].⁴ San. ibid. where Pi‘el form (שמע) is found. Our text has the Hiph‘il form. Both may be used. I Kings XV, 22; I Sam. XV, 4.