룻기 1:11 미드라쉬: Ruth Rabbah & Yalkut Shimoni

“May the Lord grant you that you find rest, each woman in the house of her husband. She kissed them; and they raised their voices, and wept” (Ruth 1:9).
“May the Lord grant [yitten] you” – Rabbi Yosei said: All the goodness and consolations that the Holy One blessed be He was destined to grant to Solomon, as it is written: “God granted [vayitten] wisdom to Solomon” (I Kings 5:9), will be from you.¹¹⁰This is an allusion to the fact that David and Solomon will descend from Ruth. “And find rest [umtzena]” – umtzena is written,¹¹¹The word is written without the concluding heh. one will find [rest], two will not find. “Each woman in the house of her husband” – from here [it may be derived] that there is satisfaction for a woman only in her husband’s house.
“Naomi said: Return my daughters; why would you go with me? Do I have more sons in my womb that would be husbands for you?” (Ruth 1:11).
“They raised their voices, and wept, and they said to her…Naomi said: Return my daughters, why would you go with me? Do I have more sons in my womb that would be husbands for you?” (Ruth 1:9–11). Does a person perform levirate marriage with the wife of his brother with whom he did not coexist?¹¹²If a married man dies without children, his brother marries his widow in a procedure called levirate marriage (see Deuteronomy 25:5–6). However, this may not be done if the brother had not yet been born during the deceased brother’s lifetime (see Yevamot 17b).

“Turn back, my daughters, go, as I am too old to be with a husband. If I were to say: I have hope, even were I to be with a husband tonight, and also were I to bear sons” (Ruth 1:12).
“Turn back, my daughters, go” – Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥmani said in the name of Rabbi Yudan bar Rabbi Ḥanina: In three places it is written here: “Turn back” (Ruth 1:8), “Turn back” (Ruth 1:11), “Turn back” (Ruth 1:12), corresponding to the three times that one rejects a convert. If he insists beyond that, one accepts him. Rabbi Yitzḥak said: “A stranger shall not stay the night outside” (Job 31:32). A person shall always reject with the left and accept with the right.¹¹³Rejection should be performed weakly, while the subsequent acceptance should be undertaken powerfully. “As I am too old to be with a husband […were I to be with a husband tonight]” – Rabbi Yoḥanan said: The Torah teaches you proper conduct, that one engages in marital relations at night and not by day. That is what is written: “In the evening she would come and in the morning she would return” (Esther 2:14), and it is written: “Were I to be with a husband tonight.”

But Naomi said to her two daughters-in-law, "Go back" (Ruth 1:8): Why did she send them back? In order not to be embarrassed by them. For so did we find that in Jerusalem there were several marketplaces and they did not mix with one another: The marketplace of the kings; the marketplace of the prophets; of the priests; of the Levites; of the Israelites. The foreigners were [dressed] in their clothes and were in their [own] marketplaces. What these wore, the others did not wear. "Turn back, my daughters" (Ruth 1:11) - why [is this repeated] three times? From this [we learn] that we do not refuse a convert after the third time. Rabbi Chiya said, "Do not have faith in a convert for twenty-four generations, as he retains his 'fermentation.' But when a convert accepts the yoke of the Holy One, blessed be He, in love and in awe and converts for the sake of Heaven, the Holy One, blessed be He, does not turn him away. As it is stated (Deuteronomy 10:18), 'and loves the convert to give him bread and a garment.' The Holy One, blessed be He, warned forty-eight warnings (prohibitions) about the convert, and he warned correspondingly (that number) about idolatry." Two women gave themselves over for the sake of the tribe of Yehudah, Tamar and Ruth. Tamar yelled out, "I will not leave this house empty!" [With] Ruth, each time that her mother-in-law said to her, "Go away, my daughter," she cried, as it is stated (Ruth 1:9), "and they raised their voices and cried." "Yaas (May) the Lord deal kindly with you" (Ruth 1:8) - Rabbi Chanina the son of Rav Acha said, "It is written, Yaaseh (He shall). "As you have dealt with the dead" (Ruth 1:8) - since you occupied yourselves with the burial shrouds; "and with me" - since you forewent you marriage contracts in my favor. Rabbi Zeira said, "This scroll does not have impurity or purity in it, nor permission or prohibition. So why was it written? To teach you the reward of those who do acts of lovingkindness.