사무엘하 23:5 미드라쉬: Tanna DeBei Eliyahu Rabbah, Ein Yaakov (Glick Edition) & Midrash Tanchuma

David, King (may his memory be blessed), further said: "My fear is within my joy, and my joy is within my fear; and my love ascends above them all. Therefore, the Holy One, blessed be He, made a covenant with me that I should be proficient in the Scripture, in the Mishnah, in the laws, and in the aggadahs, as it is said, 'For is not my house so with God? For He has made an everlasting covenant with me, ordered in all things, and sure; for all my salvation, and all my desire, will He not make it to grow' (2 Samuel 23). And there is no covenant but the Torah, as it is said, 'My covenant was with him, life and peace' (Malachi 2). Ordered in all things, in the Scripture, in the Mishnah, in the laws, in the aggadahs, and protection, so that the words of Torah should be preserved by me forever and for all eternity. "For all my salvation and all my desire, will He not make it to grow." From here they said: Every Torah scholar who increases in Torah study and does not derive sustenance much, it is a good sign for him. And if you say, 'If the Holy One, blessed be He, loves His Torah, why does He not sustain him?' You should say that if He enriches him, he may become presumptuous about the words of Torah. Therefore, every Torah scholar who increases in Torah study and does bring-in much produce (wealth), it is a good sign for him, for the Holy One, blessed be He, loves his Torah, that if He enriches him, he may become presumptuous about the words of Torah. And this is explicitly stated in the Kabbalah by Solomon, King of Israel: 'Two things I ask of You; deny them not to me before I die: Remove far from me falsehood and lies; give me neither poverty nor riches; feed me with the food that is needful for me' (Proverbs 30). 'Lest I be full, and deny You, and say: "Who is the Lord?" Or lest I be poor, and steal, and profane the name of my God' (Proverbs 30). Blessed is He who chose the Torah and the Talmud (and the Sages), and their disciples, and the disciples of their disciples, and their children, and the children of their children, until the end of all generations, and He establishes upon them the measure with which a man measures, it is measured unto him. Just as they sit in synagogues and study halls and in every open place, and read for the sake of heaven, and He sees into their hearts, and they uphold the Torah according to its prescriptions, so that they do not forget it from their mouths and from the mouths of their children and the children of their children forever. So did the Holy One, blessed be He, choose them and their children and the children of their children until the end of time, as it is said: 'And I will make My covenant between Me and you, and I will multiply you exceedingly' (Genesis 17). So said the Lord, 'My spirit that is upon you, and My words which I have put in your mouth, shall not depart out of your mouth, nor out of the mouth of your seed, nor out of the mouth of your seed's seed,' said the Lord, 'from henceforth and forever' (Isaiah 59). But the sons of rebellious Israel are not like this. In their youth they are soft, and in their old age they are hard. What does the Holy One, blessed be He, do when they are still soft? He raises them up and burns them in the great study hall and in His great yeshiva, [as it is said: 'And all the wicked shall be stubble, and the day that comes shall set them ablaze' (Malachi 3). For none of them shall have a hand to bear or a hand to lay down, but every man's sword shall be against his brother's, and he shall burn the chariots with fire' (Zechariah 9). And there is none but the wicked], as it is said: 'And the sons of Belial said: "What shall this one save us?" And they despised him and brought him no present' (1 Samuel 10). And it says: 'And every man of Belial said: "What will this one save us?"' (1 Samuel 10). The Sages said: Anything that is destined to occur in the end has already been done in part today. There shall be a session for the Holy One, blessed be He, in His study hall, and the righteous of all time shall sit before Him, There has already been a part of the session for the righteous in this world for David, King of Israel, who illuminated his face with the halachah before the righteous who sat before him. And so it will be in the future for the righteous, whose lives will be without sorrow and without the evil inclination, to live with the son of David in this world. And in the World to Come, there has already been a part of life without sorrow and without the evil inclination for the righteous, such as Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and Jabez, and Jether, and all who are like them. In the future, the Holy One, blessed be He, will resurrect the dead, whether in the time of the son of David or in the World to Come, for there has already been a part of the resurrection of the dead in this world by the hand of the righteous, Elijah and Elisha, and Ezekiel son of Buzi. In the future, there will be honor and strength for the righteous in the World to Come, for there has already been a part of honor and strength for the righteous in this world, such as Jehoshaphat, King of Judah. In the future, there will be eating, drinking, and joy for the righteous. And there will be no plague nor suffering nor distress, for there has already been a part of eating, drinking, and joy for the righteous in this world. In the future, the Holy One, blessed be He, will make peace among the righteous and among His people Israel, for there has already been a part of peace in this world by the hand of the righteous.

Beruriah once found a certain disciple who studied in silence (Fol. 54a). Scornfully, she said: "Is it not thus written (II Sam. 23, 5.) Set in order with all and preserved, i.e., If set in order with all, the two hundred and forty-eight members of the body — it will be preserved in the heart." We are taught that R. Eliezer b. Jacob had a disciple who studied in silence, but that after three years he forgot all that he had learned. We are taught that R. Eliezer b. Jacob had a disciple who was judged by God as deserving of being burnt, but the sage said: "Let him live, since he was an attendant to a great man."Samuel said to R. Juda: "Keen scholar, open thy mouth when thou readeth, open thy mouth when thou studieth, so that thou mayeth live long and the Torah will endure with thee; as it is said (Pr. 4, 22.) For they are life unto those that find them, and to the, whole body a healing; read not Lemotza'eihem (that finds them) but read it Lemotzi'eihem (who utters them) with the mouth." Samuel said to R. Juda: "Keen scholar, snatch and eat, snatch and drink for the world which we are to leave is like a wedding banquet [which passes quickly]."' Rab said to R. Hamnuna: "My son, if thou hast means then live according to them, for there is no enjoyment in the grave; and death does not linger, [it may come suddenly]. If thou wilt say 'I shall leave the means for my children.' who will tell thee in the grave? Children of man are like the grass of the meadow; some are blossoming and others are fading."

(Numb. 7:1:) “So it came to pass on the day that Moses had finished.” R. Johanan said, “What is the meaning of ‘on the day that [Moses] had finished (rt.: klh)?’ [Finished is] a word for annihilation (rt.: klh).⁹³Numb. R. 12:3, end; cf. 23:9; similarly PRK 1:5; PR 5:10. On the day that the Tabernacle was erected the destructive demons (mazziqin) were annihilated (rt.: klh) from the world.” Before that Tabernacle was erected, the destructive demons had been common in the world. When Moses went up on the mountain, he said this psalm (i.e., Ps. 91, which begins), “Whoever dwells in the shelter of the Most High,” in that he (Moses) did dwell in the shelter of the Holy One, blessed be He.⁹⁴Numb. R. 12:3, beginning. (Ibid., cont.:) “He lodges in the shadow (tsel) of the Almighty,” in that he lodged there a hundred and twenty days, like the numerical count of [the letters in the word,] tsel. (Vs. 2) “[I will] say to the Lord, my refuge [and my fortress (metsudah)],” in that He is my refuge and has become⁹⁵‘ShWY. Buber omits the final letter of this word in his text, but has restored it where he cites the passage in n. 142. like a wall for me. (Ibid., cont.:) “My God, in whom I trust.” The Holy One, blessed be He, said to him, “You have put your trust in Me; by your life, I am standing up for you.” (Vs. 3:) “That he will deliver you from the snare of the fowler.” What is the meaning of “from the snare of the fowler?” From the trap⁹⁶Metsodah. The same written word voweled as metsudah means “fortress” and appears as such in the previous verse of the psalm. of David, who [would have been] seized to be killed, as stated (in II Sam. 23:26) “and Saul and his men were trying to encircle David and his men and capture them.” (Vs. 4:) “You will take refuge under His wings; His truth is a shield and buckler.” Resh Laqish said, “I have become a shield for whoever takes refuge in the Torah.” (Vs. 5:) “You shall not be afraid of any terror by night.” From here [we learn] that they were afraid of destructive demons. (Ibid., cont.:) “Nor of the arrow that flies by day.” R. Berekhyah the Priest Berabbi said, “There is a destructive demon (mazziq) that flies like a bird and shoots forth like an arrow.”⁹⁷Deut. R. 6:6. (Vs. 6:) “Of the pestilence that walks in the darkness, of the plague that lays waste at noonday.” This is the plague demon, Meriri; for whoever sees him will not survive in the world, whether he be human, cattle, or wild beast. How is he made? His head resembles a calf with one horn coming out of the middle of his forehead, and he is made of obsidian. And Meriri has dominion from the seventeenth of Tammuz (around July) to the ninth of Av (around August).⁹⁸Lam. R. 1:3 (29). The first breach in the walls of Jerusalem was made on Tammuz 17, and the Temple was destroyed on Av 9, exactly three weeks later. This period was also the hottest time of the year. [It is] therefore [written] (in vs. 6), “of the plague that lays waste at noonday.” (Vs. 10:) “There shall no evil come unto you, neither shall pestilence come near your tent.” This is the tent of meeting. Ergo, until the day that the Tabernacle was erected, the destructive demons (mazziqin) were common,⁹⁹See PRK 1:5. and on the day that the Tabernacle was erected they were annihilated (rt.: klh). R. Simeon b. Laqish said, “What [reason] is there for me to learn [this] from the book of Psalms? It is [to be] learned from its [proper] place (in Numb. 6:24), “The Lord bless you and keep you” [from the destructive demons] and from all evil. When? On the day that the Tabernacle was erected.