시편 79:13 미드라쉬: Midrash Tehillim

"I say to God, my rock: Those who were in Egypt only did one commandment and left. As for me, all the commandments that I was commanded, I do, even those that I have forgotten. I observe the new moon and celebrate the holiday of Shavuot on the first of the seventh month, on the tenth of the month, and on the fifteenth of the month. What is the (sacrifice) for the seventh month? Is there no seventh month other than this? But you say to me every year that whoever comes, I will redeem. Come and redeem me. I say to God, my rock, why have you forgotten me? Yet, you have written about me, for you are my God, my fortress. Until you redeemed our ancestors from Egypt, they did not give you strength (Exodus 15:2). I will not do so until you redeem me. For you are my God, my strength, and my fortress. And it also says (Jeremiah 16:19): "The Lord is my strength and my fortress." Why do you walk in darkness? Redeem me as you redeemed our ancestors from the oppression they were under. And it also says (Exodus 3:9): "I have surely seen the oppression." I have nothing but oppression. Why do you walk in darkness? Did you not send them redemption, as it says (Psalm 105:26): "Moses, His servant, He sent"? And also, He sent two against them, as it says (Isaiah 43:10): "Behold, My servant, whom I uphold." Therefore, it says, "He sent your light and your truth." God said to them (Malachi 3:23): "Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet." Here he is! And the second one (Isaiah 42:1): "Behold, My servant whom I support." Therefore, it is said, "He will bring me to the holy mountain, and I will come to the altar of God." What do I have to offer except thanksgiving? And so Asaph says (Psalm 79:13): "But we are Your people, and the sheep of Your pasture."

Another thing, who can express? Zophar the Naamathite said to Job (Job 11:7-9): "Can you fathom the mysteries of God? Can you probe the limits of the Almighty? They are higher than the heavens above—what can you do? They are deeper than the depths below—what can you know? Their measure is longer than the earth and wider than the sea." Who can investigate His example except (Shemot 15:11) "The heights of the heavens, what can you do? Deeper than Sheol, what can you know?" What does it mean? Can you tell me who made the heavens and the stars? Even our teacher Moses, who ascended to the highest heavens and received the Torah from God's own hand, did not fully comprehend this mystery. Rabbi Huna the priest said in the name of Rabbi Yirmeyah in the name of Rabbi Hiyya the Great (Kohelet 8:17): "I saw all that God has done. No one can comprehend what goes on under the sun. Despite all their efforts to search it out, no one can discover its meaning. Even if the wise claim they know, they cannot really comprehend it." This refers to the Torah, and as it says (Shemot 32:16), "The tablets were the work of God; the writing was the writing of God, engraved on the tablets." For no human being can discover God's work, as it says (Kohelet 3:11), "He has made everything beautiful in its time. He has also set eternity in the human heart; yet no one can fathom what God has done from beginning to end." And who can praise Him but His children, as it says (Devarim 33:29), "Blessed are you, Israel! Who is like you, a people saved by the Lord? He is your shield and helper and your glorious sword. Your enemies will cower before you, and you will tread on their heights." And it is written (Bereishit 18:19), "For I have chosen him, so that he will direct his children and his household after him to keep the way of the Lord by doing what is right and just, so that the Lord will bring about for Abraham what he has promised him." Once the Israelites left Egypt and God split the sea for them, and the angelic hosts came to mock before Him, He did not permit them, as it says (Shemot 14:20), "And the angel of God, who had been traveling in front of Israel's army, withdrew and went behind them. The pillar of cloud also moved from in front and stood behind them." And those were none other than angels, as it says (Isaiah 6:3), "And they were calling to one another: 'Holy, holy, holy is the Lord Almighty; the whole earth is full of his glory.'" God said to Moses and the Israelites, "They will praise me, as it is written in Exodus 15:1, 'Then Moses and the Israelites sang this song.' Only a person who begins a song by saying, 'So-and-so will sing' is called a 'shir' (a singer). In Exodus 15:11 it says, 'Who is like you among the gods, Lord? Who is like you, majestic in holiness?' Rabbi Yudan said, 'You are awesome over all your praises.' How does a human king enter a country? They ridicule him, saying he is powerful but weak, rich but poor, merciful but cruel. But God is not like this; every time a person criticizes God, it increases his greatness. Thus, God is awesome over all his praises. King David said, 'As they ridiculed you in this world, so they will ridicule you in the world to come' (Psalms 78:4). The praises of God will not be hidden from their children; they will tell the next generation about the Lord's praises (Psalms 78:4). And we will praise you, saying 'We are with you, your sheep and the flock of your pasture; we give you thanks' (Psalms 79:13).