레위기 16:20의 인용 해설

AND HE SHALL GO OUT UNTO THE ALTAR THAT IS BEFORE THE ETERNAL AND MAKE ATONEMENT FOR IT, etc. The sprinklings before the ark-cover [in the Holy of Holies]⁹⁷Verses 14-15. effected atonement for impurity that befell the innermost part of the Sanctuary and its hallowed things. The sprinklings in front of the Veil in the Tent of Meeting [which divided between the holy place and the most holy],⁹⁸Verse 16. effected atonement for impurity that befell the Sanctuary and its holy things, such as the candelabrum, the table, the showbread, and the Veil itself. The applications of the blood upon [the horns of] the inner altar and the [seven] sprinklings upon its top⁹⁹Verse 18-19. effected atonement for impurity that befell this altar itself and its holy things, such as the incense [which was burnt on it twice daily]. It is for this reason that Scripture divided them [these three parts of the Service] and mentioned “atonement” in each case.¹⁰⁰And he shall ‘make atonement’ for the holy place (Verse 16) refers to the Holy of Holies. And there shall be no man in the Tent of Meeting when he goeth in to ‘make atonement’ in the holy place (Verse 17), refers to the atonement in front of the Veil. And he shall go out unto the altar … and ‘make atonement’ for it (Verse 18 before us) is the atonement for the altar. In the Torath Kohanim the Rabbis derived this interpretation from a verse written at the end [of this part of the Service], And when he hath finished making an atonement for the holy place, and the Tent of Meeting, and the altar etc.¹⁰¹Verse 20. On this verse the Rabbis commented:¹⁰²Torath Kohanim, Acharei 4:1-2. “Making an atonement for the holy place, this refers to the innermost part of the Sanctuary [i.e., the Holy of Holies]. The Tent of Meeting, this is the Sanctuary. The altar, that is the inner altar. This teaches that they are each a separate act of atonement. From this the Sages have deduced that if [the High Priest] made some of the applications of the blood within [the Holy of Holies], and the blood then became spilt, he must bring other blood and start again with the applications [done] within [the Holy of Holies]. But if he finished the applications within [the Holy of Holies], and the blood then became spilt, he must bring other blood and start again with the applications [done] on [the Veil] outside¹⁰³In relation to the Holy of Holies which is called “within,” the space in front of the Veil is called “outside.” But it is in fact within the Sanctuary. Opposite the Veil, towards the entrance of the Sanctuary, stood the inner [or golden] altar. [in the Sanctuary]. If he finished the applications outside [in the Sanctuary] and the blood then became spilt, he must bring other blood and start again with the applications on the altar, etc. [since they are each a separate act of atonement].”¹⁰⁴But had they constituted one act of atonement, then even if the blood was poured away before he completed the applications on the altar, he would have to start again from the applications within the Holy of Holies.