이사야 9:6의 인용 해설

אלה תולדות שם, “these are the descendants of Shem.” You do not find the word death, or “the died,” in connection with any of the descendants of Shem who have been enumerated here [except when the Torah reports that Avram’s father Terach died in Charan (verse 32). Ed.] as you find it mentioned when the Torah enumerated the generations between Adam and Noach. It is possible that the reason is that the kingdom of David (the Messiah) will be descended from them, and in due course the Messiah will be the cause of banishing death altogether. [At this point our author once again indulges in speculation about the timing of that event. Seeing that time has passed and the Messiah did not arrive, I have omitted the rest of this passage. Ed.]

And the work of righteousness shall be peace, as in the time of Hezekiah. Comp. And peace without end (9:6)²¹The passage quoted refers, according to I. E., to King Hezekiah; according to others, to Messiah. Some explain ver. 15 sqq. as a blessing.²²Comp. Targum Jonathan ad locum.

And regarding the third well, they did not quarrel over it, because the Third Temple will be built by the King Messiah, about whom it is said Of the increase of His dominion and peace there shall be no end (Isaiah 9:6). For there will be only peace and truth in His days. Therefore it was called Rechovot [wide spaces], because then God will expand their territory. For in times when quarrels are prevalent, or when two Hebrews are fighting, even if they are in a city as large as Antioch, it cannot contain them dwelling together. Even in a very spacious place, the space becomes too narrow for them and cannot contain them, as unfortunately this behavior is still common among us today. Conversely, in times when there is peace upon Israel, even though we are fruitful in the land and those dwelling in it are extremely numerous, nevertheless the land is spacious for them and they are not cramped, as it is explained in the Tractate Sanhedrin 7a: “When our love was strong, we could lie together on the width of a sword blade; now that our love is not strong, a bed of 60 cubits is not enough for us.” Therefore it is said For God has made room for us, even though we are fruitful in the land and those dwelling in it are many, nevertheless the land before them is spacious. Furthermore, we find that in the Second Temple period, due to discord, wholesome people and many people left the land because of the evil of its inhabitants. Therefore, it states that in the time when peace is found and we are fruitful in the land they will not need to leave it.