창세기 41:23의 인용 해설

בבכורות – at the time when the produce are in their ripening stage and are in their fullness and the basket includes less of them from what it holds of them at the end of the summer, when they begin to reduce in size and they are shriveled [and] thin (see Genesis 41:23).

blasting denotes a bloating, as in “bloated by the East wind” [Genesis 61: 6]. However, some say that it has the opposite meaning, and that it means to render something thin.

mildew means the same in Hebrew as it does in Arabic. Some people say that the term blasting (as well as the cognate term “bloated by the East wind” [Genesis 61: 6]) denotes a plant disease. Their evidence is that the same word appears in the verse “I have smitten you with blasting and mildew” [Amos 4: 9], and also that the current instance is immediately followed by The skies above your head…. They accordingly suggest that all of the abovementioned terms, here and in the parasha of Beḥuqqotai [cf. Leviticus 26: 16], denote plant diseases.

חבורה is a wound in which the blood is congealed but does not come out, only that the flesh on that spot becomes red. The word חבורה means tache in old French Similar is, (Jeremiah 13:23) “[Can an Ethiopian change his skin] or the leopard his spots (חברברתיו)”. The Targum renders it (חבורה) by משקופי, an expression denoting “beating”, batture in old French Similarly it translates (Genesis 41:6) שדופות קדים, “blasted with the east”, by שקיפן קדום, “beaten by the east wind”. So, too, the lintel it termed “משקוף” (from the root שקף “to beat upon”), as, e. g., in the expression על המשקוף, because the door beats against it.