신명기 21:18 관련 구절

HALAKHAH: “The deviant and rebellious son,” etc. Rebbi Zeˋira, Rebbi Abbahu, Rebbi Yose ben Ḥanina in the name of Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish. It is written: If a man would concoct against his neighbor to kill him slyly⁷Ex. 21:14. The argument is an almost untranslatable pun, identifying the two meanings of the root זוד “to plot, to be mischievous” and “to cook” (Babli 69a). (Gesenius-Buhl also notes the two meanings for the root; modern Jewish lexicographers following Ben Jehudah prefer to derive the hapax “to cook” from a root נזד.). When does he become a man? When he concocts. When is he done cooking? When his palm⁸Palm as anatomic detail denotes the mons veneris of a woman (Yebamot 1:2, Note 143); it is used here for the corresponding pubic area of the man. expands. A simile: If the seed is fully cooked inside, the pot becomes black on the outside. Rebbi Zeˋira said that Rebbi Shila bar Bina stated: If a man have a son, not that the son be a father. From the moment that he may come to a woman and make her pregnant, he is a potential father, not a son⁹While it is accepted that from the age of 9 years a male may be able to have full intercourse with a woman (Yebamot 3:10 Note 143), he cannot be held responsible for his actions before he reaches age 13. Therefore, he can be a responsible father only at age 13. The Babli (68b,69b) and the Yerushalmi (Yebamot 10:14, Notes 209–211; copied Qiddušin 1:2 59c l. 26, p. 73) recognize the fact that an underage male may become a father. The son born to an underage father can never become deviant and rebellious since he is not the son of a man as required by the verse.. But the Torah said, a son, not a father. It parallels what Rebbi Yasa said in the name of Rebbi Sabbatai: The entire period of a “deviant and rebellious son” is only six months¹⁰Since everywhere in talmudic literature the period between onset of female puberty and full feminine development is taken to be six months, the same is asserted here for the male. In the Babli, 69a, R. Sabbatai determines this period as three months..

“If he ate in a company of obligation¹⁷In modern Hebrew this is called סְעוּדַת מִצְוָה “a meal of obligation”, the festive meal at religious occasions such as weddings, circumcisions, redemption of firstborns, etc., or at the lengthening of a month¹⁸Before the publication of the calendar computations the Synhedrion, and its successor, the Academy of Tiberias, had to determine for every month whether it should have 29 or 30 days. This meeting always was the occasion of a festive meal., or ate Second Tithe in Jerusalem.” They would discipline him, but he does not listen to their voice³⁰A slight misquote from Deut. 21:18, for: but he does not listen to the voice of his father or his mother.. This excludes one who listens to the voice of his Father in Heaven³¹Cf. Qiddušin 1:2, Note 630..