시편 37:1 탈무드 참조: Megillah & Berakhot

R. Yitzchak also said: If you see a wicked man being favored by fortune, do not contend with him, as it says, “Do not contend with evildoers” (Psalms 37:1). Moreover, he will prosper, as it says, “His ways prosper at all times” (Psalms 10:5). Moreover, but he may even be declared right, as it says, “Your judgements are far above out of his sight.” Moreover, he may even triumph over his enemies, as it says, “As for all his adversaries, he hisses at them.”

Is this so? But did not R. Yohanan say in the name of R. Shimon b. Yohai: It is permitted to contend with the wicked in this world, as it says, “They that forsake the law praise the wicked, but such as keep the law contend with them” (Proverbs 28:4). Also it has been taught: R. Dostai b. Maton says: It is permitted to contend with the wicked in this world. And if one should whisper to you saying, “Do not contend with evildoers, neither be envious against those that do acts of unrighteousness,” one whose conscience smites him is saying this.

There is a teaching to the same effect : R. Dostai b. R. Mattun said : It is permissible to contend with the wicked in this world ; as it is said, "They that forsake the law praise the wicked," etc. Should a man try to mislead thee, saying, Lo, it is written, "Contend not with evil-doers, neither be thou envious against them that work unrighteousness" (Ps. xxxvii 1), answer him, Only he whose conscience pricks him speaks thus. Nay, "Contend not with evil-doers" means, to emulate them; "be not envious against them that work unrighteousness" means, to be like them. And so it is stated,