Komentarz do Izajasza 58:3
לָ֤מָּה צַּ֙מְנוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א רָאִ֔יתָ עִנִּ֥ינוּ נַפְשֵׁ֖נוּ וְלֹ֣א תֵדָ֑ע הֵ֣ן בְּי֤וֹם צֹֽמְכֶם֙ תִּמְצְאוּ־חֵ֔פֶץ וְכָל־עַצְּבֵיכֶ֖ם תִּנְגֹּֽשׂוּ׃
"Czemu pościmy, a Ty nie widzisz, trapimy duszę naszę a Ty nie zważasz?" Oto w dzień postu waszego załatwiacie sprawy, a wszystkich pracowników waszych przynaglacie.
Rashi on Isaiah
and [from] all your debtors Heb. עַצְּבֵיכֶם [lit. your griefs.] Your debtors, who are grieved because of youyou exact payment from them on the day of your fast.
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Ibn Ezra on Isaiah
Wherefore have we fasted, etc. They fast, and then they say, Wherefore have we fasted. And thou seest not, etc. It is as if thou didst not see, nor take any knowledge of it; for thou dost not help us. The reply to these questions is: Behold in the day of your fast, etc. On the very day of the fast every one that has a dispute with his neighbour proceeds with his lawsuit.1חפץ means desire, the object of the desire, business. מצא חפץ to find the object of his desire, to seek to find the object of his desire, to go after his business. This latter, general meaning of the expression is given also by Rashi and Targum Jonathan; I. E. explains it to seek the object of his desire, viz., of his neighbour, that is to seek to obtain what he demands from his neighbour, to proceed with his quarrel, and considers the beginning of the next verse הן לריב ומצה תצומו behold, ye fast for strife and debate, as the explanation of the words הן ביום צמכם תמצאו תפץ.
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Ibn Ezra on Isaiah
עצביכם Your debtors.2A. V., Your labours. And thy labours. Sorrow. עצבים means money. Comp. ועצביך and thy wealth (Prov. 5:10); it is probably connected with עצבון labour2a (Gen. 3:17); comp. יגיע בפיך the labour of thine hands (Ps. 128:2); יגיע מצרים the labour of Egypt (45:14).
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Ibn Ezra on Isaiah
תנגשו You press.3A. V., You exact. It is written in full with נ, like כהנדוף as is driven, תנדף drive (Ps. ixviii. 3).3aThe verbs פ״נ usually assimilate the נ to the next consonant and replace it by Dagesh whenever it concludes a syllable, e.g., תִּנְדֹּף═תִּדֹּף ,תִּנְגשֹׁוּ═תִּנּשֹׁוּ; in some cases the radical נ has been left; as e.g., in the examples given here by I. E. וכל בעל עצביכם תנגשו═וכל עצביכם תננשו And you press all your debtors. Comp. אשה בעלת יראת יי═אשה יראת יי a woman that feareth the Lord4Lit., A woman of the fear of the Lord; but אשה being in the absolute state, I. E. supplies a word in the construct state. Comp. I. E. on 30:20 42:25. (Prov. 31:30); there are many other instances of this kind of ellipsis.
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