Comentário sobre Êxodo 29:13

החלב המכסה את הקרב THE FAT THAT COVERETH THE INWARDS — this is the membrane upon the maw (Tosefta Chullin 9:3) which is called tele in old French

AND THOU SHALT TAKE ALL THE FAT THAT COVERETH THE INWARDS. “This is the membrane upon the maw which is called tele [in old French].” This is Rashi’s language. In my opinion, the expression the fat that covereth the inwards is indeed a reference to the membrane [upon the maw]. But when it says [as it does here], ‘all’ the fat that covereth the inwards, it alludes to two kinds of fat which are there: to the fat of that membrane, and to the heavy fat which is upon the inwards, as it is said in Seder Vayikra: the fat that covereth the inwards, and the fat that is upon the inwards.¹⁸⁷Leviticus 3:3. Thus it is clear that there are two kinds of fat upon the inwards — at times Scripture mentions them both, and at other times it includes them as one under the term “all” [as it says here]. Thus by saying here, all the fat that covereth the inwards, He already included the fat that is upon the inwards. Similarly in the actual fulfillment of this command He says, And he took all the fat that was upon the inwards, and the lobe of the liver,¹⁸⁸Ibid., 8:16. thus including [the two kinds of fat upon the inwards] in the phrase, ‘all’ the fat that was upon the inwards. But further in this section He says, And thou shalt take of the ram the fat, and the fat tail, and the fat that covereth the inwards.¹⁸⁹Further, Verse 22. Here the first “fat” mentioned without explanation, means the fat upon the inwards.

ולקחת את כל החלב המכסה את הקרב, “you will take all the fat membranes which are attached to the innards of the animal, etc.” According to Rashi this refers only to a membrane above the animal’s abdomen. Nachmanides agrees that there certainly is such a membrane there that is part of the חלב mentioned in our verse. However, seeing that the Torah speaks of כל החלב, “all the fat,” this must mean at least two distinct kinds of חלב, i.e. also the fat described in Leviticus 3,3 ואת כל החלב אשר על הקרב. When the Torah reports about these directives having been carried out, no mention is made of the fat usually known as על יותרת הכבד, “the diaphragm with the liver.” (compare verse 22). This also belonged to “all the fat, etc.” It is clear from the mention of יותרת הכבד in verse 22, that the fat membranes mentioned earlier without more precise locations, are those that cover the abdomen. This poses the problem for Nachmanides that in the respective chapter in Leviticus 8,15 both כל החלב אשר על הקרב as well as יותרת הכבד are mentioned separately.

Also take some of the liver. . . [Rashi knows this] because it is written in Vayikra 9:10: “The lobe from the liver,” implying he should take a bit of the liver along with the lobe. In our verse, על הכבד means עם הכבד i.e., with the liver.

V. 13. Die unmittelbarste Konsequenz dieser "Hingebung des Blutes" soll die "Dahingebung" aller von der vegetativen sinnlichen Natur des Menschen erstrebten "Güter" (חלב), der für diese Erstrebung die Lebenstätigkeit in Bewegung setzenden "Hebel" (יותרת על הכבד) und der allem diesen zu Grunde liegenden sinnlichen "Reize" selber (שתי הכליות) als "zu Gott emporsteigende Nahrung des Gesetzesfeuers" (הקטרה המזבחה), somit die "positive Umwandlung der sinnlichsten Seiten des Menschen in sittlich freie Gottestaten" sein. — המזבחה. Wir glauben, daß diese bei הקטרה fast konstante Form auf der Bestimmung beruhe, dass מה דם בזריקה אף בשר בזריקה (Sebachim 62 b), dass die dem Feuer zu übergebenden Opferteile nicht hingelegt, sondern, wie die Bluthingebung beim עולה, hingeworfen wurden, weshalb ja auch zwischen dem כבש und dem מזבח ein kleiner Zwischenraum, לול קטן war, um diese im Wurf zu geschehende Hingebung auch räumlich zu veranschaulichen. Wir setzen dabei voraus, dass in dieser Beziehung אימורים den איברים gleich standen.

ואת היתרת This is the lobe of the liver which is called abris in old French

על הכבד — Take with it (with the lobe) some of the liver also (cf. Sifra, Vayikra Dibbura d'Nedavah, Section 14 8).