Ora, havendo Deus completado no dia sétimo a obra que tinha feito,<span class="x" onmousemove="Show('perush','Quer dizer, parou de trazer coisas novas à existência do nada absoluto, e este é o sentido literal. Alguns rabinos insistem, porém, em dar a isto sentido esotérico, baseados nos grandes exegetas Nahamânides e Rabi S. Ibn-Adêret, afirmando que por ser a criação universal contínua a cada momento, não pode ser que a mesma haja sido interrompida, e não perceberam que não se trata disto exatamente. Muitos destes na atualidade descartam todo sentido literal do relato da criação.');" onmouseout="Hide('perush');">descansou</span> nesse dia de toda a obra que fizera.
Rashi on Genesis
ויכל אלהים ביום השביעי AND ON THE SEVENTH DAY GOD FINISHED — R. Simeon says: A human being (literally, flesh and blood) who cannot know exactly his times and moments (who cannot accurately determine the point of time that marks the division between one period and that which follows it) must needs add from the week-day and observe it as the holy day (the Sabbath), but the Holy One, blessed be He, who knows His times and moments, began it (the seventh day) to a very hair’s breadth (with extreme exactness) and it therefore appeared as though He had completed His work on that very day (Genesis Rabbah 10:9). Another explanation: What did the world lack? Rest! Sabbath came — Rest came; and the work was thus finished and completed (Genesis Rabbah 10:9)!
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Sforno on Genesis
ויכל אלוקים ביום השביעי, at the beginning of the seventh “day,” a moment which is indivisible from the time frame which follows, so that both the six previous “days” were an entity in themselves, and the seventh day was a totally self-contained entity. Our sages in Bereshit Rabbah 10,9 describe G’d as knowing the precise moment between the sixth and seventh day and describe it as “thin as a hair’s breadth.” [I believe the problem confronting the sages was the statement that G’d had completed all His work in the six days, and yet the Torah speaks of Him completing, ויכל, His work on the ”seventh” day, something that appears to be a contradiction to the former statement. Ed.]
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Or HaChaim on Genesis
ויכל אלוקים ביום השביעי. G'd completed on the seventh day. The plain meaning of the verse is to tell us that G'd did not engage in creational activities that the Torah has not mentioned after that date. The term כלה, completed, includes anything that had been in G'd's mind to do. It also means that G'd did not only desist from work on that Sabbath, but that He did not resume activity on the following six days.
