Comentário sobre Isaías 5:30

And he will growl That enemy [will growl] at the people of the Lord, mentioned above.

עליו Against him: against Israel.

like the growling of the sea whose waves roar, so will he come with roaring armies.

Like the roaring of the sea, etc.; behold darkness. For the light shall then be withheld from the earth. Comp. darkness of water⁴⁵When great storms stir up the sea, clouds usually cover the sky and conceal the heavenly luminaries. The figure of the roaring of the sea is therefore followed by that of darkness. (Ps. 18:12).

and he will look to the land Heb. וְנִבַּט, an expression of looking. Israel will look and hope that the kings of the land, upon whom they rely, will assist them, like the matter that is stated (infra 31:1): “Those who go down to Egypt for aid.”

And if he look unto the land, etc. For they⁴⁶They, the hostile armies, whose attack is compared to the roaring of the sea, will be on the land—that is to say, will reach the inhabitants of the land, the Israelites—and cause them harm and distress; they will not be like the roaring of the sea, for that does not hurt the people on land. will be on the land, not on the sea. And behold darkness. Darkness is here a figure for the distress of the heart. ונבט According to some it is Niphal, And it is looked; but I think it is Piel, And he looks, and its subject is Israel, the same to whom reference is made in the word עליו, as I have already stated.

and behold darkness for they will have no support. וְנִבַּט is in the passive voice (נִפְעַל) like וְלֹא נִפְתַּח, will not open up, וְלֹא נִתַּק, will not be torn, and the ‘vav’ causes the tense to be reversed to the future. Ediert esvuardeyd in O.F.

צר ואור According to some, Sun and moon; according to others, Moon and sun, because the moon is small (צַר) if compared with the sun; R. Adonim thinks that ה is omitted, צהר═צר light; for the letters א ה ו י are sometimes present in a word when they are superfluous, and at others omitted where they properly form part of the root; but he is mistaken, because ה does not belong to the vowel letters, and cannot be dropped except at the end of a word, where it replaces א. I take צר literally; it has here the same meaning as in Ps. 119:143, namely, distress, or—being an adjective—distressed. Palestine will be darkened by distress as well as by the sun, which will cast a gloom over her at the time of her destruction; for a mist will rise and hide the sun.

the distressed one and the light shall darken Comp. (infra 31:3) “And the helper shall stumble and the one who is helped shall fall.” He who is distressed, upon whom the trouble has come, as well as he who comes to bring light to him, both of them will darken. Some interpret צַר as the moon, whose light was diminished, צַר [meaning narrow,] and אוֹר as the sun, [meaning light].

בעריפיה In her destructions.⁴⁷A. V., In the heavens thereof. Comp. יערף (Hos. 10:2) He will destroy; similar to it is וערפתו And break its neck (Exod. 13:13)

in its eclipse Heb. בַּעֲרִיפֶיהָ. When its darkening comes. An expression similar to (Deut. 32:2): “Shall drip (יַעֲרֹף) like rain,” for so is the nature that when rain falls, the light darkens.