Pensamento Judaico sobre Provérbios 31:26

The Talmud Berachot 10 quotes a line from the famous chapter of eyshet chayil, the woman of valor, from Proverbs Chapter 31. It says there, "She opened her mouth with wisdom, and the Torah of loving kindness was on her tongue." Is there then a Torah that is NOT loving kindness? This refers to Solomon's father David, who dwelled in five worlds and recited shirah, hymns of praise. He dwelled in the womb of his mother and said shirah since it is written in Psalms 103,1, "My soul, bless the Lord and all my insides proclaim His holiness!" When he saw the light of the world, the stars etc. he proclaimed a hymn of praise saying, "Blessed be the Lord and all His hosts." When he suckled at his mother's breast, he composed a hymn saying, "May my soul bless the Lord and not forget to thank Him for all His kindness" (Psalms 103,2). He referred to the placing of the teats near the source of binah, understanding- the heart. Rabbi Abahu says this means that a woman's teats are not near the genitals, like those of the animals, and that therefore there is no need to look at the genitals when being nursed. Rabbi Yehudah says that the meaning is that the teats are not near the source of human excrement. When David saw the downfall of the wicked, he said shirah as we read "May all sinners perish from the earth" (Psalms 104,35). When he beheld the day of death, he said shirah as it says, "May my soul bless the Lord, You are very great" (Psalms 104,1).

The five hymns of praise David sang on account of the five worlds he lived in, as described in our opening Midrash, refer to the following. 1) Being a creature born by woman of material that came into existence by a joint undertaking of G-d and Earth (nature), he gives thanks for his superiority to all other living creatures in the creation of which G-d was only marginally involved. 2) Once having seen the light of the world, man who faces the sky, stars etc. is superior to the beasts whose eyes are trained only towards the ground, the earth. Man learns to appreciate the works of G-d through his upright posture. 3) The third world, though metaphorically described as "suckling on his mother's breasts," refers to the study of the Torah. If the Midrash had referred to the actual breast of the mother, then that stage should have been mentioned as phase two in man's development, not as phase three. 4) The fourth world is the experience of seeing the wicked receive their deserts. 5) The fifth world is the day of death; it is the realization that death of the body does not represent the disintegration of one's personality. For all these insights David sang hymns, praises to the Lord. This, then, is what Solomon referred to when he said, "She opened her mouth with wisdom, and the Torah of kindness is on her tongue" (Proverbs 31,26). The verse "The Lord fashioned man, dust from the earth, and blew a soul of life into his nostrils, whereupon man became a living creature" (Genesis 2,7) describes the entire process of how man was created as matter. The "soul" is something which is at first a neutral force, later on a force with certain characteristics.