Comentários de Citação sobre I Samuel 1:6

חמש עשרה נשים פוטרות צרותיהן – for one of them was married to his brother, and he had two wives and died without children, both of them are exempt [Halitzah and levirate marriage] , as it states (Leviticus 18:18): “Do not marry a woman as a rival to her sister and uncover her nakedness in the other’s [lifetime],” for the inference does not teach us about her but rather to teach you that even his sister-in-law (i.e., the widow of a brother who died without issue) that is stated about her (Deuteronomy 25:5): “Her husband’s brother shall unite with her: [he shall take her as his wife and perform the levir’s duty].” If she is “do not marry a woman as a rival to her sister” and the same law applies to the rest of the forbidden relationships [in the Torah] that have [the punishment of] extirpation. But I don’t have anything but her, her rival-wife, from where do we learn this in the Torah? The inference teaches us לצור צרתה (I Samuel 1:6) – “her rival”; from where do we learn in the Torah צרתה? The inference teaches us (Leviticus 18:18): לצרור – “as a rival,” which implies “do not marry,” neither he nor her rival wife, nor the rival of her rival wife.

לצרור, similar to Samuel I 1,6 וכעסתה צרתה, “she deliberately angered her competitor Chanah, also wife of Elkanah. When a man has two wives, each is considered as a hostile competitor, צרה to the other.

to rival a fellow wife, in the sense of “her rival provoked her” [I Samuel 1:6]. The upcoming parasha of Qedoshim does not mention the punishment for having sexual relations with two sisters, just as it does not mention the punishment for sexual relations with a granddaughter. The commentator erred who said that Raḥel and Leah could not have been actual sisters, on the grounds that all human beings are alike forbidden to commit incest. You may ask, “How can God punish someone for committing crimes about which he was not warned?” — but he would answer that the descendants of Noaḥ were commanded not to engage in any of the incestuous practices listed here. His evidence is the phrase “all these abominations” [:27], which implies that non-Jews are held accountable for all of the abovementioned prohibitions. As others have already pointed out, however, this evidence is not conclusive. Scripture uses the phrase “all these abominations” in a general way, to denote most of these abominations — not literally all of them. You will come to know my own opinion on these matters in the parasha of Vayyelekh [comment on Deuteronomy 31:16].

לצרר is connected with the word ,צרה — a rival (cf. I Samuel 1:6). Thus the verse signifies “thou shalt not take a wife to her sister", to make (i. e. making) the one the rival of the other.

their faces were angry [Heb. רָעֲמוּ פָּנִים,] angry faces, and so (I Sam. 1:6): “in order to make her complain (הַרְעִימָהּ),” and so every expression of complaint is called תּוּרְעֲמָתָא.