Talmud sobre Êxodo 35:5

“With his lips but not in his mind.” I could think that I exclude him who decides in his mind; the verse says (Lev. 5:4): “To articulate”. But Samuel said, he who decides in his mind is not obligated until he pronounces with his lips. But did we not state: “(Ex. 35:5) Everyone who volunteers in his mind,” that is he who decides in his mind. You say, that is he who decides in his mind, but maybe that is he who pronounces with his lips? When he says (Deut. 23:24): “What comes out from your lips you have to keep,” that speaks about him who pronounces with his lips. Therefore, how can I confirm “every one who volunteers in his mind?” That is he who decides in his mind. What Samuel said refers to a sacrifice.

Rebbi Jehudah bar Pazi in the name of Rebbi: May one read this and not be ashamed³⁰In B: afraid. In the biblical narrative, all good actions are ascribed to individuals, the bad to the entire people.? In a good sense, every one of goodwill³¹Ex. 35:5.; in a bad sense, all the people took off the gold rings in their ears³²Ex. 32:3.. In a good sense, Moses led the people out³³Ex. 19:1.; in a bad sense, all of you ganged up against me³⁴Deut. 1:22.. In a good sense, then Moses and the Children of Israel sang³⁵Ex. 15:1.; in a bad sense, the entire congregation started wailing³⁶Num. 14:1.. Rebbi Ḥiyya bar Abba said, indeed they got up early to destroy³⁷Zeph. 3:7.. Any destructive action they made early in the morning. Rebbi Abba bar Aḥa said, one cannot understand the character of this people; they are asked for the {golden} calf and are giving, for the Sanctuary and are giving. Rebbi Yose ben Ḥanina stated this baraita:³⁸To answer R. Ḥiyya bar Abba’s question. You shall make a cover of pure gold³⁹Ex. 25:17., may the gold of the cover come and atone for the gold of the calf.

It was stated⁸⁹The main tannaїtic source is Sifra Wayyiqra דבורא דחובה פרשה ט. The argument is discussed in Babli Ševu‘ot 26b.: “With his lips but not in his mind.” I could think that I exclude him who decides in his mind, the verse says (Lev. 5:4): “To articulate⁹⁰The verse reads: “Or a person who might swear to articulate with his lips for bad or good, about all a man might articulate in an oath, when he forgot and then remembered about any of these.” Since articulate is used twice in the same verse it is assumed that the second mention is not identical with the first. Since the first mentions lips, the second cannot speak about the same situation. {Biblical dictionaries tend to define בטא as “speaking hastily” on basis of Prov. 12:18. However, as Rashi points out, the context requires:
(17) “He who breathes trust will tell the truth
but a false witness trickery.
(18) There is one who articulates like sword thrusts
but the tongue of the Sages is healing.”
The chiastic arrangement of the verses shows that they form a unit. Therefore, the rabbinic use of the word as “carefully articulated” is borne out by biblical usage. Cf. also Arabic بطو “to be slow-going.”}”. But Samuel said, he who decides in his mind is not obliged until he pronounces with his lips. But did we not state: “(Ex. 35:5) Everyone who volunteers in his mind⁹¹The verse is quoted incorrectly (it must be לבו not לב). The verse speaks of voluntary gifts for the Tabernacle; explicit pledges are never mentioned there.,” that is he who decides in his mind. You say, that is he who decides in his mind, but maybe that is he who pronounces with his lips? When he says (Deut. 23:24): “What comes out from your lips you have to keep⁹²“What comes out from your lips you have to keep as you made a vow of a voluntary gift to the Eternal your God, as you pronounced with your mouth.” A voluntary gift here is a sacrifice; the verse insists that such a vow is valid only if pronounced.,” that speaks about him who pronounces with his lips. Therefore, how can I confirm “every one who volunteers in his mind?” That is he who decides in his mind. What Samuel said refers to a sacrifice.