Talmud sobre Neemias 8:5

There are Tannaim who state, he opens, looks, rolls up, and recites the benediction. There are Tannaim who state, he opens, looks, and recites the benediction. Rebbi Ze`ira, Abba bar Jeremiah, Rav Mattanah in the name of Samuel, Practice follows him who said, he opens, looks, and recites the benediction¹⁵⁹A person who comes to read from the Torah must first recognize the place from which he is going to read and then pronounce the benediction. The Babli 32a explains that the first opinion (attributed to R. Meïr) requires him to close the scroll so people should not think that the benediction is written in the text. The second opinion (attributed to R. Jehudah) notes that everybody knows the benediction by heart and therefore will know that the benediction is not written in the scroll.. And what is the reason? When he opened it, the entire people stood up¹⁶⁰Neh. 8:5.. What is written afterwards? ¹⁶¹From here on there is a parallel in Berakhot 7:4, 11c line 29 ff.Ezra praised the Eternal, the Great God¹⁶²Neh. 8:8.. In what did he declare Him great? Rebbi Giddul said, by the explicit Name. Rav Mattanah said, he declared Him great by the benediction. Rebbi Simon in the name of Rebbi Joshua ben Levi: Why are they called the men of the Great Assembly? Because they re-instituted the grandeur to its old glory¹⁶³Babli Yoma 69b.. Rebbi Phineas said, Moses instituted the prayer formula, the God, the Great, the Strong, and the Awesome¹⁶⁴Deut. 10:17, incorporated into the first benediction of the Amidah.. Jeremiah said, the Great and Strong God¹⁶⁵Jer. 32:18.; he did not mention “the Awesome”. Why is He strong? He is appropriately called strong since He sees the destruction of His Temple and is silent. Why did he not mention “Awesome”? Awesome is only the Temple, as it is written, God Awesome in Your Sanctuary¹⁶⁶Ps. 68:36.. Daniel said the Great and Awesome God¹⁶⁷Dan. 9:4.. Why did he not mention “the Strong”? His sons are delivered to iron collars¹⁶⁸Latin collare.; where is His strength? But why does he say, Awesome? He is appropriately called awesome by the awesome deeds he made for us in the fiery oven. But when the men of the Great Assembly arose they re-instituted the grandeur to its old glory: But now, our God, the Power, the Great, the Strong, and the Awesome, keeper of Covenant and grace, may it not be little in Your eyes¹⁶⁹Neh. 9:32., etc. But does flesh and blood have the power to state limits in these matters¹⁷⁰Is it possible to ascribe criticism of God to Prophets and Sages?? Rebbi Isaac bar Eleazar said, the prophets know that their God is truthful and they do not flatter him.

If a person holds a scroll of the Torah [in order to read it], there is a difference of opinion between two Tanna’im.⁴⁷On the question whether the prescribed benedictions should be said while the scroll is open or rolled. One declared that he should open it, look [for the passage which is to be read], roll it up and then say the benediction;⁴⁸Were one to say it while the scroll is open, people might erroneously assume that the benediction is written in the Torah (Meg. 32a, Sonc. ed., pp. 192f). but the other declared that he should open it, look [for the required passage] and say the benediction.⁴⁹Because nobody could be so ignorant as to be unaware that the benedictions do not form a part of the text of the Torah (Meg. loc. cit.). What is the reason?⁵⁰That the scroll must be open when the benediction is said. Because it is written, And when he opened it, all the people stood up;⁵¹Neh. 8, 5 referring to the scroll of the Torah. and what follows? And Ezra blessed⁵²i.e. he said the prescribed benedictions. the Lord, the great God.⁵³ibid. 6. As Ezra opened the scroll and blessed the Lord, so everyone who reads the Torah must have the scroll open when the benedictions are said. Whereby did he proclaim His greatness?⁵⁴As implied in the words the great God. Rab said: He proclaimed His greatness by pronouncing the Ineffable Name.⁵⁵The Tetragrammaton. Raba said: He proclaimed His greatness by the recital of the prescribed benediction.
What is the form of the benedictions?⁵⁶Before and after the reading in the Torah. In an assembly of ten⁵⁷A minimum of ten males over the age of thirteen is required for congregational worship. one says, ‘Bless ye the Lord Who is to be blessed’.⁵⁸And then follow the benedictions given later for an individual in private reading. In the case of an individual, when he rises early to read in the Torah, he says, ‘Blessed art Thou, O Lord our God, King of the universe, Who hast given us a Torah from heaven, everlasting life from the heights. Blessed art Thou, O Lord, Who givest the Torah’. Then⁵⁹At the conclusion of the reading. he rolls up the scroll⁶⁰This is a unanimous ruling. It is upheld even by the Rabbi who maintained that the scroll must be open when the first benediction is said. and says, ‘Blessed art Thou, O Lord our God, King of the universe, Who hast given us a Torah of truth and hast planted everlasting life in our midst. Blessed art Thou, O Lord, Who givest the Torah’.⁶¹The benedictions now in use are shorter (P.B., p. 147).