Kaisipang Hudyo sa Isaias 40:2: Derashot HaRan

דַּבְּר֞וּ עַל־לֵ֤ב יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ וְקִרְא֣וּ אֵלֶ֔יהָ כִּ֤י מָֽלְאָה֙ צְבָאָ֔הּ כִּ֥י נִרְצָ֖ה עֲוֺנָ֑הּ כִּ֤י לָקְחָה֙ מִיַּ֣ד יְהוָ֔ה כִּפְלַ֖יִם בְּכָל־חַטֹּאתֶֽיהָ׃ (ס)

Magsalita kayo sa puso ng Jerusalem, at ipahayag ninyo sa kanya na natapos na ang kanyang panahon ng paglilingkod, na napatawad na ang kanyang pagkakasala, na tumanggap na siya mula sa kamay ng Walang-Hanggan ng dobleng kabayaran para sa lahat ng kanyang mga kasalanan.

Derashot HaRan

Since I have already expanded on this in the discourse, "And now, O Israel" (The Tenth Discourse), I shall not do so now. But one of the ways in which the Blessed One's chastisement of Israel is similar to a father's chastisement of his son is that just as a father does not smite a son in accordance with his evil, not killing him when he incurs the death penalty, but many times feeling, because of his great love and compassion for him, that he has exacted from him more than his due — so it is with the Blessed One vis-à-vis Israel. This is the intent of the verse in the haftarah on this section (Isaiah 40:2): "Speak to the heart of Jerusalem and call out to her, for her time of affliction is ended, for her sin has been pardoned, for she has received from the hand of the L-rd double for all her sins." This is cause for wonder. Does the Blessed One exact from a person more than his sin? Are not all the verses full of His being great in lovingkindness and forgiving of sin and offense? And does the verse not explicitly state: "For You have been sparing below our sins"? How, then, can it be stated that Jerusalem has received double from the hand of the L-rd for all her sins? Scripture, however, is speaking here in the language of man in respect to the goodness of the Holy One Blessed be He — just as a man speaks of having beaten his son too much, when the truth is that he never beats him as much as he really deserves. This is the intent of King David, may peace be upon him (Psalms 18:36): "And Your right hand supported me, and Your humility increased me." That is, a man is far from realizing his perfection. It is the Blessed One who "increases" and perfects him. Notwithstanding this, when the righteous man looks into his heart and considers whom he has rebelled against, it is manifest to him that he can gain atonement only through the great mercies of the Holy One Blessed be He.
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