Mga Sanggunian sa Talmud para sa Exodo 21:23: Jerusalem Talmud Makkot, Makkot & Chagigah

MISHNAH: Plotting witnesses cannot be executed unless judgment was rendered, for the Sadducees say, unless he was executed, for it says, a life for a life³⁸This is a misquote. It should be בְּנֶ֗פֶשׁ נֶ֣פֶשׁ (Deut. 19:21), not נֶפֶ֭שׁ תַּ֥חַת נָֽפֶשׁ (Lev. 24:18) which applies to an animal.. The Sages told them, was it not already said, do to him as he plotted to do to his brother³⁹Deut. 19:19. It says “he plotted”, not “he did”. This implies that the plot was discovered before it succeeded., does this not imply that his brother is alive? Then why does it say, a life for a life? I could think that they would be executed once they had testified, but the verse says, a life for a life; i. e., they cannot be executed unless judgment was passed⁴⁰The court might not believe the witnesses even if no formal perjury was proved. Then the testimony becomes irrelevant and cannot be sanctioned. If no sentence had been passed on the accused, it is impossible to sentence the witnesses to the same penalty..

MISHNA: Zomemim witnesses are nut executed until they succeed in having a verdict given for their victim. Because the tzudukim had said, Until they succeed in having their victim executed like the Torah says (Deuteronomy 19,21) "A soul for a soul".

For it was taught in a Baraita, Rebbi says, (Exodus 21:23) "Life for a life" [meaning] money. You'll say, money? Or truly "a life" literally? "Giving" [which refers to recompense] is said below [in our verse], and "giving" is said above (Exodus 21:22). Just as there it is money, so too here is money.