וַיַּ֣רְא הָמָ֔ן כִּי־אֵ֣ין מָרְדֳּכַ֔י כֹּרֵ֥עַ וּמִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֖ה ל֑וֹ וַיִּמָּלֵ֥א הָמָ֖ן חֵמָֽה׃
און װי הָמָן האָט געזען אַז מרדכי קניט זיך ניט און בוקט זיך ניט צו אים, אַזױ איז הָמָן געװאָרן פול מיט גרימצאָרן.
Tze'enah Ure'enah
“And Haman saw that Mordecai did not bow down or kneel to him” [3:5]. One asks a question here. Why does the verse have to say, “bow down to him”? The explanation is that Mordecai bowed slightly, but to the side and not directly to Haman, because he was afraid of all the other ministers who did bow. Haman noticed this, that he did not bow to him and that is why he was angry.