פּירוש אויף במדבר 26:56

“By lot” [26:56]. The land was divided by casting lots, and a miracle happened at the casting of the lots. Eleazar donned the Urim ve-Tumim and they wrote land of Israel on twelve pieces and twelve letters. They also wrote the names of the twelve tribes of Israel on twelve letters. The letters were mixed up in a vessel. The chieftain of each tribe came and pulled out two letters. On one of theme was written his tribe and on the other was written the part of the land of Israel that he should take as his inherited portion. A voice went forth. I, the lot, have come to this tribe. A similar voice was heard for each chieftain, so that Israel should not suspect that Eliezer was giving the good land to whom he wanted, since not all the land in Israel was equal. Some of the land was very good.¹⁶Rashi, Numbers, 26:54.

על פי הגורל ACCORDING TO (more lit., by the mouth of) THE LOT [SHALL THE POSSESSION BE DIVIDED] — The lot itself spoke as I have already explained; this tells us that the division took place by the Holy Spirit (Midrash Tanchuma, Pinchas 6).

על פי הגורל תחלק נחלתו, when it came to the actual distribution of the land, the result of the lottery confirmed what Joshua had announced as the fair share for each tribe. It was found that the tribes who numbered more people did indeed receive parcels that were larger than those who numbered fewer people.