ייִדישער מחשבֿה אויף קהלת 5:18

In particular, all his intellectual faculties, though G-d given, do not necessarily lead him to the right conclusions. In order to progress from ignorance toward understanding the works of G-d, one must understand the laws of nature as manifest in our universe; subsequently, one may acquire some insights into the workings of the Divine. Chapter thirty in Proverbs illustrates that man without the assistance of G-d is naught. "Agur" describes himself as ignorant, possessing neither knowledge of the natural sciences nor knowledge of the metaphysical. His very name indicates that he is desirous of amassing knowledge. The same applies to his partner "Ittiel," who desires close communion with G-d. The thrust of the message is that as long as no one has offered prophetic insight, "Who ascended to heaven?" "What is my name or the name of my son?" i.e. I amount to nothing as long as I am not in possession of inside knowledge of our tradition. The entire chapter outlines the handicaps someone like Abraham labors under when he endeavors to discover truth, not having the revealed word of G-d to assist him in his quest. The only path which is guaranteed to lead to success is "the word of the Lord is refined, pure" (Proverbs 30,5). If our faculties are inadequate to reveal to us the truths about the workings of the physical universe, how much less adequate are they to make us privy to the workings of the spiritual spheres (Isaiah 44,24)? The prophet, in describing G-d’s exclusive involvement in developing the physical universe and asking "Who is with Me?" i.e. "Who helped Me?", makes it clear that man's insight into the heavenly part of the universe is even less imaginable.

Since Moses saw in the request of the two and a half tribes an over- emphasis on the secondary values in Jewish life, he remonstrated with them, and reprimanded them. This in turn prompted these tribes to reassure Moses that they would discharge all their obligations as part of the army of the whole nation. Similarly, when we are told in Joshua chapter twenty two, about the two and a half tribes having built an altar on the East Bank of the Jordan, Pinchas immediately levelled suspicions and accusations at them without having enquired into the reason for all this. Even when he has been assured that the altar did not represent an act of rebellion against G'd, or an act of separation from the main body of the Jewish people, Pinchas desists from launching a military campaign against them, but does not apologise to them for unwarranted suspicion. Why is this? Presumably he reasoned that if even Moses in his extreme modesty had felt entitled to accuse the two and a half tribes of unworthy motives, and had upraided them without having waited for explanations, there must have been a negative intent. So Pinchas in this instance was convinced that in the act of building the altar there had been a motivation unworthy of the typical Israelite. One of the main reasons for Moses' justified suspicions is, that in the lengthy conversations between Moses and the tribes, the latter do not once mention the name of G'd. So Moses reasoned that they had to be motivated by one of two reasons. 1) Fear to engage in battle, or 2) Lack of interest and respect for Eretz Yisrael. After Moses' accusations, it appears that the two and a half tribes had held an assembly before acceding to Moses' conditions. It states (32,16) "they approached and said." It seems that they did so only after some deliberation. Even then they do not once refer to G'ds wishes, G'ds protection, G'ds relevance in the whole matter. From the opening line, "do not bother to make us cross this river Jordan," it is clear that their original intention had been not to accompany the main body at all. They attributed their future to their own physical efforts and capabilities, even when referring to the successful invasion of Eretz Yisrael, not a word about G'ds assistance.

Bereshit Rabbah 66, apparently aware of this difficulty, attempts to view the material possessions mentioned in these blessings as merely paraphrasing spiritual blessings; for instance, "dew of the heavens" is understood to refer to the manna the Jews would eat in the desert. All this is really not necessary, as the material blessings should be viewed merely as auxiliary to the main blessing, which was spiritual in nature. The Torah states, "He blessed him," meaning he bestowed a spiritual blessing. Only afterwards do we read "He smelled the odor of his clothing...and may the Lord give you from the dew of heaven etc." When material wealth is in the hands of persons amply endowed with spiritual qualities, such material wealth may enhance the spiritual qualities, enabling the owner to employ his wealth in the service of G-d. When the material wealth is given to persons lacking in virtues however, this wealth tends to corrupt the owner even further. The fact that Isaac blessed Jacob twice before touching on material aspects (compare verses 23, 27) may indicate that our language is inadequate to express the exact nature of these spiritual blessings. Material goods are promised only afterwards. Chapter 133 in Psalms, referring as it does to "dews of Mount Hermon descending on the mountains of Zion, outpourings of the Lord's blessing for eternal life," probably reflects the same approach we have suggested.